Вопрос № 223329 - Английский язык

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Since the 1970’s eating habits in Britain have undergone a change. People have been encouraged by doctors, health experts and government advertisements to eat less fat and more fiber. Fat is believed to be one of the major causes of obesity and heart disease. Forty per cent of adults in Britain are overweight and Britain has one of the highest death rates due to cardiovascular disease in the world. British have also become more aware of calories, the energy value of food. Some people count the number of calories they eat every day, so that they can try to take in fewer calories and lose weight. Food manufactures have started to help the general public to make more informed choices about what they eat.

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In 2000, there were large numbers of new products in Britain, e.g. foreign food (pizza, pasta, Indian food), and exotic fruits and vegetables, e.g. kiwi, ice cream was very uncommon in 1900, and there were no burgers, Coca Cola, yoghurt or olive oil. In 1900, food and health in Britain were bad – people lived on a diet of tea and bread. Malnutrition was common and there was terrible disease and infant mortality. The average height for men to go in the army was 1.50m. In 2000, health problems such as obesity and heart disease were caused by eating too much food and fat.

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One day an old man went to see a doctor. The doctor examined him and said, “Medicine won’t help you. You must have a rest. Go to a quiet country place for a month, go to bed early, drink milk, walk a lot and smoke one cigar a day.” “Thank you very much,” said the old man. “I’ll do everything you say.”
A month later the old man came to the doctor again. “How do you do?” said the doctor. “I’m very glad to see you. You look much younger.” “Oh, doctor,” said the man, “I’m quite well now. I had a good rest. I went to bed early. I drank a lot of milk, I walked a lot. Your advice certainly helped me. But you told me to smoke one cigar a day almost killed me at first. It’s no joke to start smoking at my age.

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To determine blood groups, there is a method of extracting a chemical from human blood which, when mixed with a sample of the blood in question will react in a particular way according to the blood group. However, to get enough of the solution a great deal of human blood is required. But fortunately, snails’ eggs, which are the size of a pinhead, contain the same chemical – in fact, the blood of five donors would be required to supply the same amount of the chemical as is found one of the snail’s eggs.

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The Government has decided to take unpopular 1 _______ to ban smoking
in a lot of public places. Though a lot of people find smoking unpleasant, and though experts all agree it is 2_______ and that it costs the state a lot to treat victims of smoking, it is also undeniable that many people get 3_______ from the habit and find smoking irresistible when they are in company . However, it is now impossible to deny the antisocial nature of the habit. As advertising has proved ineffective with many smokers, the Government has now made smoking illegal in most public places.
Smokers who are unable to stop smoking will be obliged enjoy their pastime in private and feel the new measures are unjust, but for passive smokers for whom a room full of smoke is unbearable they will come as a 4_______ of fresh air.

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It is often said that Japanese people, on average, live longer than Europeans. To a large extend this must be due to the food most Japanese people eat since from the point of 1_______, life in modern Japan is no less stressful than ours in the West. The Japanese live on a 2_______ largely made up of fish and rice. At lunch time a typical Japanese family will consume at least twice as many 3_______ as we do in Europe. In comparison with Europeans, the Japanese eat far less meat and fewer potatoes; at the same time, they eat seven times more fresh fish than we do which makes their diet much 4_______ by far. It would be fair to say that, in general, the Japanese consume far less sugar than Europeans, though the modern Japanese – frequent visitors to Europe on business or on pleasure – are discovering the pleasures and dangers of western-style eating habits.