Прочитайте текст и найдите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутого слова. Ophthalmic nurses examine an...: ответ на тест 1046270 - Английский язык

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Ophthalmic nurses examine and advise patients. They administer tests for visual acuity and do slit lamp examinations, test blood pressure and urine, and may make preliminary diagnoses and assist ophthalmologists in surgery. In many countries, the role of the ophthalmic nurse is expanding and they are now taking on a lot of the tasks formerly only performed by ophthalmologists. Now ophthalmic nurses treat cataracts with surgery known as laser capsulotomy, excise cysts in the eyelid, and do other minor surgical procedures.

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The work of Ophthalmology department includes the following:
– extracting cataracts and replacing the natural lens with a plastic intraocular one
– laser surgery to change the shape of the cornea and reduce dependence on glasses
– surgery on the extra-ocular muscles to treat strabismus – also called cross eye, which is when eyes do not align correctly
– laser surgery such as trabeculoplasty which decreases internal pressure for the treatment of glaucoma
– the excision of tumours on the eyelid and in the eye.

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The eye is a genuinely amazing thing. It is a tiny, intricate assembly of light sensitive cells, an adjustable lens and diaphragm, and nerves which transmit impulses to the visual cortex of the brain. The eye has probably evolved from a simple light sensitive spot on an ancestral creature long ago into a retina and lens of great complexity.
However, it is often given by religious people, as an example to disprove evolution and prove creation – only a divine designer, they say, could have fashioned such an exquisite thing.

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1_______. Major killers in those days were diphtheria, chickenpox, scarlet fever, rubella, measles, tuberculosis, syphilis, meningitis, and so on. 2_______. Hospitals were filled with patients in the throes of fever, febrile convulsions, sweating, and vomiting, and the few weapons against illnesses that did exist, such as quinine, plant-based purgatives, digitalis, and mercury were often ineffective and frequently dangerous. If you got ill, you generally died.
3_______. Medicines have turned health care from a palliative practice, by which relief may be provided but not a cure, into something more hopeful and scientific. 4_______. There are now a huge number of medicines on the market and they are grouped here according to the condition they target.

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An 18-year-old girl had been asleep when a fire started in the living room below her bedroom. 1_______. When she was brought in, she was unconscious and deteriorating from circulatory failure. 2_______. A topical antibiotic was applied followed by a plastic epidermal graft.
The patient began a long, slow recovery. A nurse had to change her position in bed every two hours to prevent the formation of bedsores. 3_______. Starting at nine weeks, sheets of cultured skin cells were grafted to her regenerating dermal layer and by the fifteenth week of her hospitalization, the grafts were complete. 4_______.

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1 _______. Pain has an emotional component and is not the same for everyone, which makes it notoriously difficult to measure and compare. 2_______. Children, for example, have a greater sensitivity to pain than adults, and despite the common view to the contrary, many studies show that men have a higher pain threshold than women.
3_______. Acute pain is short-term, and chronic pain lasts longer than the injury that caused it.
The body’s organs contain few pain-receiving nerve endings, so internal injuries often cause referred pain, where pain is felt in another, unrelated part of the body. 4_______.