Прочитайте текст. “Let the punishment fit the crime” is more easily said than done. Punishment is an...: ответ на тест 867054 - Английский язык

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1____________________. Punishment is any fine, confinement in jail or prison. 2____________________. The purpose of punishment is not to remedy the wrong but rather to discipline the wrongdoer. 3______________________. The fact that many «career criminals» are arrested repeatedly indicates that the penal system is far from perfect.
4____________________.

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Capital Punishment
1. The ultimate penalty is death (capital punishment). Although most countries still have a death penalty, 62 (including almost every European nation) have abolished it; 18 retain it only for exceptional crimes such as wartime offences; and 27 no longer carry out executions even when a death sentence has been passed. In other words, almost half the countries of the world have ceased to use the death penalty.
2. Supporters of capital punishment believe that death is a just punishment for certain serious crimes. Many also believe that it deters others from committing such crimes. Opponents argue that execution is cruel and uncivilized. Capital punishment involves not only the pain of dying but also the mental anguish of waiting, sometimes for years, to know if and when the sentence will be carried out. Opponents also argue that there is no evidence that it deters people from committing murder any more than imprisonment does. A further argument is that, should a mistake be made, it is too late to rectify it once the execution has taken place.
3. As the debate about capital punishment continues, the phenomenon of death row (people sentenced but still alive) increases. The debate also involves the question of what punishment is for. Is the main aim to deter? This was certainly the case in the 18th century England when the penalty for theft was supposed to frighten people from stealing and compensate for inabilities to detect and catch thieves. Is it revenge or retribution? Is it to keep criminals out of society? Or is it to reform and rehabilitate them?
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Why do some people say that death penalty is cruel and uncivilized punishment?

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The British are without doubt the most thoroughly watched people in the world. Although there are video cameras on nearly every street corner, the public seem unaware of their existence. Video cameras record drives who do not stop for a red traffic light, collisions between vehicles, reckless driving and violations of the speed limit on motorways. One explanation as to why these cameras are not considered an invasion of privacy is that both men and women feel safer knowing cameras can provide a form of protection. Citizens know that help is always available because guards are constantly watching the cameras. Cameras have also contributed to the combating of hooliganism at football matches and sports events, as the fans know they are under surveillance and their behaviour is much better than it used to be. Video cameras and security systems can keep the rise in the crime rate under control.

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Citizens know that help is always available because …

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Many countries still have National Service, where all young men must join the army for some time. This practice has its origin in the Second World War, and was started to make sure that all citizens had enough knowledge of military matters in case such a war ever broke out again.
In the United States during the Vietnam War, many men broke the law by burning the letters ordering them to become soldiers, and some even left the country to avoid national service.
In some countries, such as Israel, women are also required to do national service. These women wear the same clothes, carry the same weapons and do the same jobs as the men. If our government keeps its promise, we will soon see women in our army. Many women who belong to feminist groups are trying to get the government to change direction on this law, because they believe that women should not be forced into a mail world.

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In some countries, such as Israel, …

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In my last year at school, I was asked if I would like to take part in the speech day ceremony, and talk about one of the projects I had been involved in during the year. I could turn my headmistress down, but was nervous about it. First I had to decide what to talk about, and find out exactly what made a good speech. I went to see one of my teachers and asked his advice. He told me to speak clearly and not too fast, to keep my hands still and to avoid staring at just one person in the audience. The following day I spent most of my evening going through my class projects and thinking about everything the teacher had said. Hours later, I made a decision about what to speak about and started to write my speech. I rewrote it five or six times until I was happy with it and read it to my parents. They made a few suggestions on how to improve it, and we finished what I would say. I practiced reading it aloud for a week and finally the big day arrived. I was quite calm about it, and when my name was read out by the headmistress, I was ready. The speech went perfectly, and everyone clapped when I had finished.

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I went to see one of me teachers and …

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October 23, 2008
1_______
I am writing in connection with my order for a mobile telephone (Nokia E51) which I made in your company two days ago. Today the telephone was brought to me by your messenger. On opening the parcel I found out that you had sent me the telephone of the wrong colour. 2_______
I would appreciate if you could correct your mistake and sent me the telephone which I ordered as quickly as possible. I am therefore returning the item for replacement.
3 _______
Yours faithfully,
4 _______