Установите последовательность предложений чтобы получился связный текст. The economy of the Soviet U...: ответ на тест 1072669 - Английский язык

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The economy of the Soviet Union had considerable drawbacks. 1_______. Second, for a long period of time investment resources were directed into heavy manufacturing at the expense of consumer or light industry. Third, the pricing system was not based on the market mechanism of supply and demand, and that produced anomalies. For example, the price of bread was below the cost of the wheat used to produce it. 2_______. Fourth, the bureaucratic system and the strong emphasis on meeting targets hindered the introduction of new technologies that could improve productivity. 3_______. Moreover, the state monopoly over production resulted in poor quality of Soviet goods and services. And then, though Soviet economic growth rates were impressive (between the 1950s and 1975, the Soviet gross national product (GNP) increased by 5 percent per year, which was more than in the United States), the country still lagged behind the developed countries. 4_______.

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The economy of the Soviet Union was a “command” economy. For nearly 60 years, it operated on the basis of central planning-state control over all means of production and over investment, production, and consumption. Economic policy was made according to directives from the communist party, which controlled all aspects of economic activity. Five-year plans and annual plans were the chief mechanisms which the Soviet government used to translate economic policies into programs. According to those policies, the State Planning Committee (Gosplan) formulated countrywide output targets for planning periods. Regional planning bodies then refined these targets for state industrial enterprises and state farms (sovkhoz) and collective farms (kolkhoz), each of which had its own specific output plan. Agriculture was mainly collective, and farm workers were allowed only small private plots. It was believed that if each unit met or exceeded its plan, then demand and supply would balance.
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Economic policy of the Soviet Union was made according to directives from the communist party, which controlled all aspects of …

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The Japanese work hard to identify attractive global markets. They look for industries that require high skills and high labor intensity but few natural resources. 1_______. They like markets where consumers around the world would be willing to buy the same product design. 2_______.
Japanese study teams spend several months evaluating the target market, searching for market niches that are not being satisfied. Sometimes they start with a product that is as good as the competitor’s but priced lower, sometimes with a product with higher quality or new features. The Japanese provide quick service to their customers. 3_______. Their entry strategy is to build market share rather than early profits.
4_______. They spot new opportunities through market segmentation, develop markets in new countries, and work to build a network of world markets and production locations.

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First of all, what is money? 1_______. The money you are most familiar with, currency, consists of the paper money and coins that you use almost daily. Currency is legal tender. 2_______.
From the earliest times precious metals, such as gold and silver, along with copper, have been the most popular forms of money. 3_______. As you read through history, you will discover societies that favoured things such as tobacco, fish hooks, shells and, of course, various forms of paper for their money. 4_______.

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Marketing starts in a market, which brings together buyers and sellers. In some cases buyers and sellers meet physically, in other cases business can be transacted over the telephone or via a computer.
The buyers must have money to spend and willingness to spend it or a purpose or service that they themselves are willing to trade. The sellers must have what the buyers want.
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The buyers must have money to …

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Most large companies now produce only what their market researchers tell them is in demand.
All products were new at one time. Today, a product is new if it is unique, or if it is new for the manufacturer who is entering the market to challenge the existing competition, or if it has had enough substantial design modifications to make it a new product.
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A product is new if it is new for the manufacturer who is entering the market to challenge the existing …