Вопрос № 1072638 - Английский язык

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The new concrete pipe being manufactured may be classified as the benchmark of industry. Among other excellent qualities, it possesses the highest structural strength compared with any sanitary sewer.
What are the main characteristics of the pipe that make it so popular? These are advanced concrete mix design, and steel reinforcement. High quality manufacture processes allow the pipe to be used in any site conditions, from shallow fills to deep bury situations. Strength, concrete’s pipe’s durability and its versatility are the main properties that are combined in the pipe. They produce the technology one can trust.
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Strength, concrete’s pipe’s durability and its versatility _______.

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Prestressed concrete is a relatively young product. It started to be widely used only during the last few decades, and is still gaining popularity. The reason of its popularity is its usefulness. The main good qualities of prestressed concrete are its high strength and durability. In prestressed concrete, concrete is combined with steel. This combination is highly advantageous. It serves the purpose of producing a compressed stress in the concrete as a building material. For this reason any member of beam is under constant compression and as a result has no cracks. In modern times this type of concrete serves as construction material for beams, for pipes, and columns, storage tanks, water towers and the like.
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The reason of popularity of prestressed concrete is …

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Plywood siding materials are widely used in modern construction-business. They are popular because of their light weight and their relative cheapness. The cost of the material per unit area of wall is usually less than for other siding materials. Besides, labor costs are also relatively low. The reason for it is the fact that large sheets of plywood are more quickly installed than the boards of the same area. In many cases, if it is necessary, the sheathing can be eliminated from the building if plywood is used for siding. This operation, if it is performed, leads to further cost saving.
It should be taken into account that usually plywood sidings must be painted in order to save them for decay. But if they are produced from decay-resistant material, they can be left to weather effects without the surface coverage.

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Concrete being a universally used material, its new kinds are being constantly produced. Among others there exists concrete with cells. Its main quality is that it is made of materials that emit gas and foam during the process of mixing the aggregates with water. It should be taken into account that concrete of this type possesses relatively light weight. It is mostly used for producing slabs, wall panels, and frame constructions. As we know, decrease in weight leads to a considerable decrease in strength. This quality is classified as a great disadvantage of cellular concrete.

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Cladding is a material used as the exterior wall enclosure of a building. The cladding of a building is its most visible part. Its major purpose is to separate the indoor environment of a building from the outdoors. Cladding must prevent the entry of water, snow and ice into a building. Water on the face of a building is known to be driven by wind not only in a downward direction, but in every other direction, even upward. Water problems, that is keeping water out, are especially great on very tall buildings. These buildings rise to height where wind velocities are extremely high. They are much higher than at ground level. It should be taken into account that on tall buildings water tends to penetrate the smallest crack or hole and enter the building.

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Orientation and construction of buildings should receive special attention in places where environment and climatic factors have a significant effect. 1_______. For example, flat roofs should be avoided in areas with frequent rainfalls. Snow and wind are variable loads that should be taken into account while designing a structure and its roof. 2_______. Solar radiation can be also unpleasant, but if it is controlled, it can bring many advantages. 3_______. Location and coordination of all services must also be preplanned and located on a site plan, worked out in accordance with the local climatic conditions. 4_______. All conveniences must have ventilation, a cover, partitions and doors with suitable fastenings.