Вопрос № 605406 - Английский язык

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The first generation of computers, which used vacuum tubes, came out in 1950. These computers could perform thousands of calculations per second. About 1960, the second generation of computers was developed and these could perform work ten times faster than their predecessors. The reason for this extra speed was the use of transistors instead of vacuum tubes. Second-generation computers were smaller, faster. One of the best of these second-generation computers is the Soviet BESM-6 (big electronic counting machine).
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The first generation of computers came out ______________________.

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Modern computers based on tiny integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Simple computers are small enough to fit into a wristwatch, and can be powered by a watch battery. Personal computer in their various forms are icons of the Information Age, what most people think of as a “computer”, but the embedded computers found in devices ranging from fighter aircrafts to industrial robots, digital cameras, and children’s toys are the most numerous.

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Sainsbury’s supermarkets share with Tesco the leading position in food and drink sales in Britain. Both have about 12% of the market, but they have very different images. Sainsbury’s has a middle-class image and suggests good food and wine. Most of the supermarkets and Homebase stores, which sell Do-It-Your-self goods, are in the richest part of the country, the South-East and the Midlands. There are no Sainsbury’s stores in Scotland, Wales or large areas of the North. In the mid-1970-s Sainsbury’s started to built very big supermarkets, ‘hypermarkets’, on the edge of towns. This reflects social change, where more affluent people have cars and only want to shop once a week. Like the introduction of the first self-service store in 1950, the idea is American. The architecture of the hypermarkets is interesting. They often look like small communities of houses set around a church tower, something like an old English village. Inside is a single space which contains all the old type of shops under one roof- the butcher, baker, grocer, fishmonger – in an impersonal, modern setting. The first Sainsbury’s was a diary which opened in Drury Lane, London in 1869. The Sainsbury family still has the controlling interest in the company today.
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Sainsbury’s has a middle-class image and _______.

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Selfridges is a big department store in Oxford Street, London which stretches along the street for 154 metres. Outside it looks like a palace; inside it seems like a small town. The store was opened in 1909 by Harry Gordon Selfridge, an American who had worked in department stores in his home country. Today Selfridges has a staff of 4,000, a car park and a 309 room hotel. A new department, Miss Selfridge, was opened in 1965 to sell fashions to young women. Attempts to open other branches of Selfridges itself have not been successful. The sore has always been famous for its publicity. At Christmas Selfridges’ windows turned into scenes from fairy tales with moving puppets and scenery are one of the sights of London and attract thousands of visitors.
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The sore has always been famous _______.

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Woolworth’s is an American chain store which opened its first branch in 1909. The store used to sell a wide range of goods including food, furniture, records, toys, sweets, clothes and paint. Woolworth’s was seen as the place where poor people would go to buy cheap goods. Woolworth’s now sells small range of profitable goods, such as children’s clothes, sweets, videos and make up. It has a clever advertising campaign which concentrates on videos and CDs and always uses the same simple formula. This attracts people into Woolworth’s to buy other things.
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Woolworth’s was seen as the place where poor people would go _______.

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Dillons first opened in 1936 as the bookshop to the University of London. The shop was bought in 1977 by Pentos which specialises in prints, stationery, posters and greeting cards. Dillons is now a chain of high-quality modern bookshops. They are often to be found in large buildings of traditional architecture, with modern hi-tech interiors. Dillons’ image is one of academic excellence and they are keen to be associated with the older universities. There are branches in Exeter and Oxford, and in Cambridge Dillons has one of the largest bookshops in Britain.
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Dillons is now _______.