Вопрос № 1072693 - Английский язык

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The police have many functions in the legal process. Though they are mainly concerned with criminal law, they may also be used to enforce judgments made in civil courts. As well as gathering information for offences to be prosecuted in the courts, the police have wide powers to arrest, search and question people suspected of crimes and to control the actions of members of the public during public demonstrations and assemblies. In some countries, the police have judicial functions, for example, they may make a decision as to guilt in a driving offense and impose a fine, without the involvement of a court, in Britain, when someone is found in possession of marijuana, the police may confiscate it and issue a formal warning rather than refer the matter to a court.
The mere presence of the police is a factor in deterring people from committing, offences.

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Canada’s laws are interpreted and applied by the courts, which are presided over by judges whose independence is guaranteed. 1_______.
The court system of each province is generally divided into two levels. 2_______.
At the second level is the provincial Superior Court, which deals with the trial of the most serious criminal and civil cases. 3_______.
The Parliament of Canada established the Federal Court to deal with claims against the federal government.
4_______. This court hears appeals from the provincial and federal appeal courts. Its decision is always final.

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The police have many functions in the legal process. Though they are mainly concerned with criminal law, they may also be used to enforce judgments made in civil courts. As well as gathering information for offences to be prosecuted in the courts, the police have wide powers to arrest, search and question people suspected of crimes and to control the actions of members of the public during public demonstrations and assemblies. In some countries, the police have judicial functions, for example, they may make a decision as to guilt in a driving offense and impose a fine, without the involvement of a court, in Britain, when someone is found in possession of marijuana, the police may confiscate it and issue a formal warning rather than refer the matter to a court.
The mere presence of the police is a factor in deterring people from committing, offences.

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Many controversies cannot be settled by the parties or by arbitration. When other methods for resolving conflicts and controversies cannot or have not succeeded there must be an ultimate method for accomplishing this goal. Our system of government has selected courts for this purpose. Courts settle controversies between persons and between persons and the state.
The role of law applied by the court to the facts as found by the jury or court produces a decision that settles the controversy. Although there are obviously other agencies of government that resolve controversies, it is peculiar to our system that for final decision all controversies may ultimately end up in court.

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It happened in America not longer after its colonization by the Spaniards. A Spaniard stole an Indian’s horse. 1_______. The Indian applied to the court and brought witnesses who could testify it was his horse. 2_______. The Indian knew this, and he invented a trick how to deceive the judge. 3_______. The judge at once noticed that the Indian had something under his arm and decided the case in the Indian’s favour. He ordered the horse to be returned to the Indian and punished the Spaniard for theft. 4_______. The Indian showed him the stone and told it was meant for the judge in case he would had decided in Spaniard’s favour. It was a good lesson for the bad judge, and he gave up the habit of taking bribes.

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Violence has become an accepted way of life in America. There are different explanations for this phenomenon. 1_______. The weapon is being bought not only by criminals but by law-abiding citizens, too, to protect themselves.
2_______. To buy drugs teenagers need money, so they try to get it by robbing, committing burglary or even murdering people.
3_______. Watching TV, you are being fed with all kind of killings, beatings, gunfights and so on. 4_______. And it’s not surprising that juvenile crime record is constantly growing.