Вопрос № 223156 - Английский язык

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The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet. But it’s not a collection of networks. Rather, it is information that is connected or linked together like a web. You access this information through one interface or tool called a Web browser. The number of resources and services that are part of the World Wide Web is growing extremely fast. In 1996 there were more than 20 million users of the WWW, and more than half the information that is transferred across the Internet is accessed through the WWW. By using a computer terminal (hardware) connected to a network that is a part of the Internet, and by using a program (software) to browse or retrieve information that is a part of the World Wide Web, the people connected to the Internet and World Wide Web through the local providers have access to a variety of information.

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The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that interchange data by packet switching using the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a “network of networks” that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other technologies.
The Internet carries various information resources and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer and file sharing, online gaming, and the inter-linked hypertext documents and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW).

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There are many ways to transport information on this highway, through the various application programs such as e-mail and the World Wide Web. All of these applications are based on a client/server relationship, in which your computer is the client, and a remote computer is the server. Your computer asks for files, and formats the information it receives. The information is actually stored on a remote computer, and is sent to you over the telephone line at your request, usually at the click of a mouse.

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Any computer can be used to connect to the Internet. However, this is your personal line on the information superhighway. The slower your computer is, the slower the traffic in your line will be when sending and receiving information. To take advantage of the multimedia components that are available - the video, audio and interactive elements of the Net - it is almost mandatory to have a powerful PC or Apple home computer because multimedia files are much larger than pure text files.

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Your computer will use your normal telephone line to transport data while you are connected. There is no need to have a second line installed, though there are some obvious disadvantages to having only one line. The size of your telephone line can also seriously affect the quality and speed of your access. A couple of alternatives to the traditional telephone connection are described in Chapter 4 in the section on access speeds.

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Modem: this is a small piece of equipment that translates the digital language your computer speaks into the analogue language used by the telephone, thereby enabling you to send and receive data. The name is a shortened form of modulate-demodulate (translation to analogue-translation to digital). Most new computers are sold with a modem already installed. If yours was not, you will need to do a bit of research into the latest models, to get the best speed and compatibility.