Вопрос № 222845 - Английский язык

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Government is the 1_________through which the public will be expressed and made effective. Sometimes the 2__________ will be voiced by the people directly, through the agency of the initiate and referendum, but more often it is made by manifest by action of their elected representatives in 3__________, 4________ and municipal councils.

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1 _______ is the mechanism through which the public will be expressed and made effective. 2 _______ the public will be voiced by the people 3 _______, through the agency of the initiative and referendum, but more often it is made by manifest by action of their elected representatives in parliaments, legislatures and municipal     4 _______.

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There are various ways in which criminal offences may be classified. From the point of view of procedure, criminal 1_________ may be 2________ into indictable, summary and hybrid offences. Indictable offences are those which 3__________ be tried on indictment, i.e. by a jury; this is the only category known to the common law, and it includes all the most 4_________ offences.

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At common law, with few exceptions, every crime is compounded of two 1_________, viz, a certain “actus reus” and a certain “mens rea”. That is to say, the crime 2_______ some form of conduct accompanied by a certain state of mind on the part of the doer. Both the conduct and the mental element differ from crime to 3_________ and can be ascertained only by studying the definition of the 4_________ crime.

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A 1_________ will not be held criminally liable unless his conduct can fairly be regarded as having caused that event which it is the policy of the criminal law to prevent. This gives rise to the very 2_________ problem of causation. The 3_______ cannot be said to have evolved any scientific principles on this subject, and are very much gulded by their sense of fairness in the 4__________ case.

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Marriage creates a status which may affect 1________ rights of the parties and their duties with respect to other 2_________. Therefore we must 3_______ the legal effects of relationship first of husband and wife and then of parents and 4_________.