Вопрос № 863651 - Английский язык

It was decided in the office to ______ money to buy a gift for Carol’s birthday.

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 Tom Robinson’s parents were poor, so Tom had to go to work when he was still a boy. It wasn’t easy to find work that he could do: Tom was small and thin. At last he got a place in an office where the work wasn’t too hard, though there was much of it. Tom was paid only six shillings a week for his work. He wasn’t satisfied with the low pay. But for a long time he was afraid to ask for a rise. At last he decided to go to Mr. Marton’s office and ask for a rise. He decided that he would not leave the room until Mr. Marton had promised to give him four shillings more a week.
He slowly opened the door and asked: “May I speak to you, sir?” Tom’s voice sounded much smaller and thinner, as he told him that he wanted a rise of four shillings.
“You are an honest boy and not afraid of work,” Mr. Marton said. “But don’t you think that ten shillings is too much for such a small boy?”
“No, I don’t,” Tom answered. “I am older than I look. To tell you the truth, since I have worked here, I have been so busy that I haven’t had time to grow.”
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One day Tom came into Mr. Marton’s office and told him that _____.

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Hyperinflation
1. Inflation is a sustained increase in the aggregate price level. Economists generally reserve the term hyperinflation to describe episodes where the monthly inflation rate is greater than 50 per cent.
2. Hyperinflations are largely a twentieth-century phenomenon. The most widely studied hyperinflation occurred in Germany after World War I. The ratio of the German price index in November 1923 to the price index in August 1922 – just fifteen months earlier – was 1.02 × 1010. This huge number amounts to a monthly inflation rate of 322 per cent.
3. Hyperinflations are caused by extremely rapid growth in the supply of «paper» money. They occur when the monetary and fiscal authorities of a nation regularly issue large quantities of money to pay for a large stream of government expenditures. In effect, inflation is a form of taxation where the government gains at the expense of those who hold money whose value is declining. Hyperinflations are, therefore, very large taxation schemes.
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Hyperinflation
1. Inflation is a sustained increase in the aggregate price level. Economists generally reserve the term hyperinflation to describe episodes where the monthly inflation rate is greater than 50 per cent.
2. Hyperinflations are largely a twentieth-century phenomenon. The most widely studied hyperinflation occurred in Germany after World War I. The ratio of the German price index in November 1923 to the price index in August 1922 – just fifteen months earlier – was 1.02 × 1010. This huge number amounts to a monthly inflation rate of 322 per cent.
3. Hyperinflations are caused by extremely rapid growth in the supply of «paper» money. They occur when the monetary and fiscal authorities of a nation regularly issue large quantities of money to pay for a large stream of government expenditures. In effect, inflation is a form of taxation where the government gains at the expense of those who hold money whose value is declining. Hyperinflations are, therefore, very large taxation schemes.
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What is hyperinflation caused by?

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Marketing Magic
1. Why would anyone who lives in a city where the drinking water is clean, good-tasting, and free of charge pay $1.50 for a glass of bottled water? Odd though it may seem, this is a daily occurrence in New York City and has been since 1977, when Perrier water was first introduced in the United States. Perrier, a lightly carbonated water from the south of France, is chic. It became that way because the company that bottles Perrier had a very smart marketing strategy.
2. A marketing strategy is a plan for presenting a product so that it will be as attractive as possible to potential buyers, regardless of any intrinsic merits the product may have. Before Perrier came to the United States, Americans rarely drank bottled water, and then only when they feared the local water supply was contaminated. But the Perrier people changed that by appealing to Americans who were highly conscious of three things: health, weight, and fashion. Perrier was presented as a sparkling, natural drink, free of alcohol and other dangerous chemicals. But not only was it good for you, it was French. Therefore it was sophisticated as only a French drinking water could be. With this strategy, Perrier sold over 40 million bottles of water in the United States in one year.
3. Another example of marketing magic is "designer jeans." For over a hundred years, miners, farmers, and cowboys have worn jeans because they were made of sturdy blue denim that didn't wear out. They were simply the best work pants in the world.
4. But a Hong Kong businessman, Mohan Murjani, wasn't interested in selling something practical and durable. For him, jeans were a marketing problem and he wanted a new way of presenting them to the public. He decided to make a new kind of jeans, not for working cowboys, but for people who wanted to look glamorous. And Murjani succeeded. By 1978, 17% of all jeans sold were tight-fitting designer jeans. They cost no more to make than cowboy jeans, but they sold for four or five times as much. Why? Because people will pay more for fashion than they will for work clothes. And if the marketing strategy is right, anything can be made fashionable.
(World English)
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The promotion of French water like healthy and chic resulted in its high sales in the USA.

Electronics is concerned with the use of electricity to produce signals that ________ information and control devices such as computers.