Вопрос № 933205 - Английский язык

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A superconductive electric cable was made by the research workers at the Power-Engineering Institute. It is a very useful device and its main property is its being cryogenic. Compared with other types of cables, it has a great advantage – its use will result in transmitting current practically without losses, which is of great importance since nowadays percentage of losses in transmitting electric power over long distances is rather high; it is ten per cent and even more.
The properties of the new cable being unique, electric current up to 10,000 amp at 10,000 V and more can be transmitted over long distances. The superconductive cryogenic transmission lines are especially efficient for Russia: the power resources of the country are known to be concentrated mainly in the eastern parts of the country while three-quarters of the industrial potential are concentrated in the European part.

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This is the widest field of engineering, concerned with systems and devices that use 1_______ power and signals. Among the most 2_______ subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, robotics, lasers, 3_______, consumer electronics, and fibre optics.
Electrical engineering can be divided into four 4_______ branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.

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The transport network spreads into all sections of the country, but the web of railways and highways is much more dense in the eastern half of the United States.
In the early 1990s the United States had about 6.24 million km of streets, roads, and highways. The National Interstate Highway System, 68,449 km in length in the early 1990s, connected the nation’s principal cities and carried about one-fifth of all the road and street traffic.
More than 188 million motor vehicles were registered in the early 1990s. More than three-quarters were cars – one for every two persons in the country. About one-fifth of the vehicles were lorries. Amtrack (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation), a federally subsidized concern, operates almost all the inter-city passenger trains in the United States. It carried more than 22 million passengers annually in the early 1990s.

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Metals are materials most widely used in industry because of their properties. The study of the production and properties of metals is known as metallurgy.
The separation between the atoms in metals is small, so most metals are dense. The atoms are arranged regularly and can slide over each other. That is why metals are malleable (can be deformed and bent without fracture) and ductile (can be drawn into wire). Metals vary greatly in their properties. For example, lead is soft and can be bent by hand, while iron can only be worked by hammering at red heat.

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The field of engineering has its subject the prevention of accidents. Safety engineers develop methods and procedures to safeguard workers of hazardous occupations. They also assist in designing machinery, factories, ships, and roads, suggesting alternations and improvements to reduce accidents.

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Robert Stephenson, the son of George Stephenson was a British 1_______ engineer. He is mostly well-known for the construction of several notable 2_______.
He was born in 1803. He was educated in Newcastle and at the University of Edinburgh. In 1829 he assisted his father in 3_______ a locomotive known as the Rocket, and four years later he was appointed construction engineer of the Birmingham and London 4_______, completed in 1838.
Stephenson built several famous bridges, including the Victoria Bridge in England, the Britannia Bridge in Wales, two bridges across the Nile in Egypt and the Victoria Bridge in Montreal, Canada.