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Landscape Architecture
1. For the period before 1800, the history of landscape gardening (later called landscape architecture) is largely that of master planning and garden design for manor houses, palaces and royal properties, religious complexes, and centers of government. The first person to write of “making” a landscape was Joseph Addison in 1712. The term “landscape architecture” was invented by Gilbert Laing Meason in 1828 and was first used as a professional title by Frederick Law Olmsted in 1863. During the later 19th century, the term “landscape architect” became used by professional people who designed landscapes.
2. Through the 19th century, urban planning became a more important need. The combination of the tradition of landscape gardening and emerging city planning gave landscape architecture its unique focus to serve these needs. In the second half of the century, Frederick Law Olmsted completed a series of parks which continue to have a huge influence on the practices of landscape architecture today. Among these were Central Park in New York City, Prospect Park in Brooklyn, New York and Boston's Emerald Necklace park system.
3. Landscape architecture continues to develop as a design discipline, and to respond to the various movements in architecture and design throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Such prominent landscape architects as Roberto Burle Marx, Ian McHarg continue today solving challenging problems with contemporary design solutions for master planning, landscapes and gardens.
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What contribution did Frederick Law Olmsted make to the landscape architecture?
He wrote a book on architecture design where he expressed his ideas on its standards.
He created the term «landscape architecture» which later was included into the books on design.
He designed a number of gardens for the royal family and government buildings.
He designed a number of parks which greatly affected the standards of landscape architecture.
