Вопрос № 1072558 - Английский язык

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There are at least 20 kinds of organic heart disease that actually affect the heart muscle, the valves of the heart, or its inner or outer lining. There are also a number of functional disorders of the heart in which its function or action is altered, or in which symptoms are referred to the heart, but in which no actual damage to or lesions in the heart are discoverable. Heart trouble may be primary, or secondary to other diseases.
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What is the difference between organic heart disease and functional disorders of the heart?

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Pregnancy is a period of excitement, expectancy and a bit of fear and nervousness for the future mother. It should be an exciting experience, and for that, love and consideration of the family as well as knowledge of what to expect, is important.
The first 3 months of pregnancy are important because during this period the baby’s organs, like brain, kidneys, limbs, eyes and ears are being formed. Avoid any medicine during this period. Some medicines can be harmful to the growing baby and so no medicines, particularly pills for sickness, headaches and anxiety should be taken without the advice of the doctor.
The normal time the baby is in the mother’s womb is about 40 weeks – 9 months and 1 week, but a few days earlier or later is within the range of normality. A baby who is born earlier than his time is called premature.

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An enormous number of living things enter the body’s tissues, grow there and cause disease. Infectious agents act in different ways. Viruses act inside the cells. The polio virus, for example, causes paralysis by growing in and destroying a particular type of nerve cell in the spinal cord. Bacteria, on the other hand, are mainly extracellular. Malaria, which is still one of the world’s greatest killers, destroys the blood’s red cells. It is caused by a tiny parasite which is carried by mosquitoes. Its symptoms are a high fever, headache and violent shivering. It can result in chronic ill health or death.

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The effects of nutrition on health are both direct and indirect as health depends in many ways on the quantity and quality of diet. Large numbers of people suffer from chronic starvation, and devastating famine can result from floods, droughts and poor harvests. Even a diet which is quantitatively sufficient can lead to disease if it is deficient in vitamins. A diet which consistently lacks a sufficient quantity of a particular vitamin is certain in time to give rise to the vitamin deficiency disease.

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Cells are the fundamental units of all living things – human, animal, plant, microbe. 1_______. The human body is a congregation of an estimated 26 trillion cells that all started with a single fertilized egg cell.
2_______. The cells of the human body vary in size from about 1/10,000 to 1/1,000 of an inch.
A cell is a mass of protoplasm – a jellylike living substance – circumscribed by a cell wall and containing a nucleus. 3_______. New cells are formed by division of old ones. 4_______.

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1_______. Cells respond to stimuli from the environment outside their walls. 2_______. Thus, for example, muscle cells stretch and contract, nerve cells carry signals, endocrine-gland cells manufacture hormones.
There are many different kinds of cells in the human body, but they can generally be classified as follows:
Epithelial cells, which are found in the skin, membranes, and glands. 3_______.
Connective tissue cells, found in bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, make up the supporting tissues of the body.
Muscle cells, which have the power to expand and contract.
4_______.
Blood cells, red and white, found in the blood and the blood-forming organs (bone marrow).