Вопрос № 605398 - Английский язык

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The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called a program and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
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Computer is used to store information in the …

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A computer is an electronic machine that processes information – in other words, an information processor: it takes in raw information (or data) at one end, stores it until it’s ready to work on it, chews and crunches it for a bit, then spits out the results at the other end. 1_______. Taking in information is called input, storing information is better known as memory, chewing information is also known as processing, and spitting out results is called output.
Your keyboard and mouse, for example, are just input units – ways of getting information into your computer that it can process. 2_______. Your computer probably stores all your documents and files on a hard-drive: a huge magnetic memory. But smaller, computer-based devices like digital cameras and cellphones use other kinds of storage such as flash memory cards. As for output, your computer almost certainly has a screen and probably also stereo loudspeakers. 3_______. Your computer’s processor (sometimes known as the central processing unit) is a microchip buried deep inside. 4_______. That’s why your computer has a little fan blowing away – to stop its brain from overheating!

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Some of the most common methods of inputting information are to use punched cards, magnetic tape, disks, and terminals. The computer’s input device (which may be a card reader, a tape drive or disk drive, depending on the medium used in inputting information) reads the information into the computer.
For outputting information, two common devices used are a printer which prints the new information on paper, or a CRT display screen which shows the results on a TV-like screen.
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The computer’s input device reads the information ___________________.

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There are different kinds of computers. Some do only one job over and over again. These are special-purpose computers. But there are some computers that can do many different jobs. They are called general-purpose computers. These are the “big brains” that solve the most difficult problems of science. .They answer questions about rockets and planes, bridges and ships - long before these things are even built. Computers help our space program, our business and industry, medicine and education. They are powerful tools which help to change our life and the world around us.
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There are some computers that can do _____________________.

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A computer system is a collection of components that work together to process data. The purpose of a computer system is to make it as easy as possible for you to use a computer to solve problems. A functioning computer system combines hardware elements with software elements. The hardware elements are the mechanical devices in the system, the machinery and the electronics that perform physical functions. The software elements are the programs written for the system; these programs perform logical and mathematical operations and provide a means for you to control the system. Documentation includes the manuals and listings that tell you how to use the hardware and software.
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A computer system is a collection of components that work together _______________.

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Optional peripheral devices are added to a computer system according to the specific needs of the system users. For example, computer systems that are used primarily for program development may have extra storage devices and a high-speed printing device. Computer systems used in a laboratory may have graphics display hardware, an oscilloscope device, and an analog-to-digital converter. Computer systems that provide (or use) information in conjunction with another kind of computer system usually have a magtape device, because magtane device is an industry-standard storage device.
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Optional peripheral devices are added to a computer system according to _____________.