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1______________ is the technology of constructing electronic circuits and devices in extremely small packages by various techniques. This 2_______________ is also referred to as microminiaturization.
The increasing complexity of electronic systems over the past 30 years has made the evolution of microelectronics inevitable. During this 3_______________, the electron tubes in the early electronic systems have been replaced by solid-state discrete devices and integrated circuitry; and these, in turn, 4_____________ way to medium- and large-scale integrated circuitry.