Вопрос № 1072560 - Английский язык

Опираясь на маркер, установите характер отношений, которые связывают смысловые компоненты в составе сложного предложения:
     If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.

                                                                  Текст I
                                          VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                                                                                      (Encyclopedia Britannica)

                                   Текст I
             VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                                   (Encyclopedia Britannica)

Опираясь на маркер, установите характер отношений, которые связывают смысловые компоненты в составе сложного предложения:
     If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.

Установите последовательность предложений, чтобы получился связный текст.
Cells are the fundamental units of all living things – human, animal, plant, microbe. 1_______. The human body is a congregation of an estimated 26 trillion cells that all started with a single fertilized egg cell.
2_______. The cells of the human body vary in size from about 1/10,000 to 1/1,000 of an inch.
A cell is a mass of protoplasm – a jellylike living substance – circumscribed by a cell wall and containing a nucleus. 3_______. New cells are formed by division of old ones. 4_______.

Установите последовательность предложений, чтобы получился связный текст.
1_______. Cells respond to stimuli from the environment outside their walls. 2_______. Thus, for example, muscle cells stretch and contract, nerve cells carry signals, endocrine-gland cells manufacture hormones.
There are many different kinds of cells in the human body, but they can generally be classified as follows:
Epithelial cells, which are found in the skin, membranes, and glands. 3_______.
Connective tissue cells, found in bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, make up the supporting tissues of the body.
Muscle cells, which have the power to expand and contract.
4_______.
Blood cells, red and white, found in the blood and the blood-forming organs (bone marrow).

Установите последовательность предложений, чтобы получился связный текст.
The nerve cell is the fundamental unit of the nervous system. 1_______. Typically, a nerve cell looks like an octopus.
It has a central cell body from which tentacles extend. 2_______. The other tentacles or fibers receive impulses and carry them to the cell body; they are called dendrites.
3_______. Like telephone wires running underground, they form a kind of cable, which is enclosed in a flexible tube of connective tissue. This whole cable of nerve fibers is what we ordinarily call a nerve.
4_______. The nerve fibers growing out from them will regenerate, though slowly.

Прочитайте текст.
Actually cancer is not one but many diseases. Under the microscope hundreds of different varieties of cancer cells can be identified. Cancer is therefore a group of diseases characterized by abnormal, uncontrolled, «lawless» growth of body cells. Plants and animals are also subject to cancerous growths.
Cells are the fundamental units of all living matter. In the normal process of growth and repair, cells grow and take their places in the economy of the body according to what may be called the «rules of nature». Sometimes, for reasons still unknown, a cell or group of cells breaks the ordinary rules of nature. They behave in a disorderly way; they grow wildly.
Закончите предложение:
Cancer is a broad group of various diseases, all involving unregulated …