Вопрос № 911835 - Английский язык

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Most people who work in the agricultural industry do not work on farms and ranches, but rather they are employed by the feed, seed, farm machinery, fertilizer, chemical supply, and food-processing businesses. There are also many agribusiness workers in finance, distribution, and marketing firms who provide service to production agriculturalists. Agriculture is big business, supplying agricultural production inputs and subsequently producing, processing, and distributing food and fiber.

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Agricultural policy
1. Agricultural policy is the set of government decisions and actions relating to domestic agriculture and imports of foreign agricultural products. Governments usually implement agricultural policies with the goal of achieving a specific outcome in the domestic agricultural product markets.
2. Some overarching themes include risk management and adjustment (including policies related to climate change, food safety and natural disasters), economic stability (including policies related to taxes), natural resources and environmental sustainability (especially water policy), research and development, and market access for domestic commodities (including relations with global organizations and agreements with other countries).
3. Agricultural policy can also touch on food quality, ensuring that the food supply is of a consistent and known quality, food security, ensuring that the food supply meets the population’s needs, and conservation. Policy programs can range from financial programs, such as subsidies, to encouraging producers to enroll in voluntary quality assurance programs.
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What food characteristics are of interest to agricultural policy?

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The origin of wheat is unknown. There is evidence that 1_______ was cultivated in China 3.000 years ago and that it was chief crop in ancient Egypt and Palestine.
Wheat is the most important of the 2_______. It can grow in almost any kind of soil and in any temperate climate. It is one of the most widely grown crops in the world.
The wheat 3_______ is oval in shape, having a number of short, fine hairs at one end. It 4_______ of three parts:
1) The germ or embryo which produces the new plant.
2) The starchy endosperm which provides the food for the new plant when the germ starts to grow.
3) The various outer coverings constituting the husk of the grain, which are for its protection.
The average composition of a wheat grain is approximately:
85 per cent – endosperm
2 per cent – germ or embryo
13 per cent – husk.
These percentages may vary, depending on the nature of the grain.

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Wheat is now cultivated from the neighbourhood of the equator almost to the borders of the Arctic zone.
The 1_______ of wheat is affected not only by the climate and the soil in which it 2_______, but also by its pedigree; for instance, a weak variety can be grown in a climate and soil that usually produce strong wheats: climate, however, is the predominant factor, as is shown by the fact that wheat repeatedly shown in an unaccustomed 3_______ gradually assumes the characteristics of the 4_______ normally grown in that climate.

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Different 1_______ of wheat 2_______ greatly in appearance and characteristics. In 3_______, wheat may be red or white according to the colour of the bran or outer skin of the grain; in characteristics it may be hard or soft, “strong” or “weak”.
The 4_______ most important to millers are:
1. strength
2. hardness
3. flavour
4. colour
5. flour-yielding capacity.

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Wheat may be divided into two 1_______, winter wheat and spring wheat.
Winter 2_______ is sown in autumn and grows in the countries where the winter is not very cold. A protective layer of snow not only prevents frost damage but promotes tillering.
Spring wheat 3_______ in spring and must be harvested before it can be frozen by 4_______ frosts.