Прочитайте текст. The government of the Soviet Union was to ensure that the plans were fulfilled. Re...: ответ на тест 1072657 - Английский язык

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The government of the Soviet Union was to ensure that the plans were fulfilled. Responsibility for production flowed from the top down. At the national level, some seventy government ministries and state committees, each responsible for a production sector or subsector, supervised the economic production activities of enterprises and farms. Regional ministerial bodies reported to the ministries and controlled economic units in their respective geographical areas. The government established prices for all goods and services based on the role of the product in the plan and on other non-economic criteria.
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The economy of the Soviet Union was a “command” economy. For nearly 60 years, it operated on the basis of central planning-state control over all means of production and over investment, production, and consumption. Economic policy was made according to directives from the communist party, which controlled all aspects of economic activity. Five-year plans and annual plans were the chief mechanisms which the Soviet government used to translate economic policies into programs. According to those policies, the State Planning Committee (Gosplan) formulated countrywide output targets for planning periods. Regional planning bodies then refined these targets for state industrial enterprises and state farms (sovkhoz) and collective farms (kolkhoz), each of which had its own specific output plan. Agriculture was mainly collective, and farm workers were allowed only small private plots. It was believed that if each unit met or exceeded its plan, then demand and supply would balance.
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Economic policy of the Soviet Union was made according to directives from the communist party, which controlled all aspects of …

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The USA is the world’s largest importer and exporter. Besides agricultural products the most part of the US export occupy machinery, automotive products, aircraft and chemicals. The leading US imports are petroleum products, food and beverages machinery, iron and steel products. Despite its huge domestic production, the economy of America depends heavily on foreign imports. Until recently the US exported more goods than it imported. However the present situation is the declining competitiveness of American goods in the world market first of all due to poor quality, which was indicated by the trade deficit. Foreign manufacturers are now selling about 50% inside the country more than Americans are exporting abroad.
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As a leading producer and exporter of technology the USA contributes to the worldwide economic growth. It exports more machinery and invests more money in technological research than any other country. American businesses and industries operate all over the world. American investment boosts other economies by providing them employment, technology and new products.
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The dollar until the time of emission of the EURO have been the world’s chief international 1_______ used for most international trading. But the present times dollar 2_______ with the EURO its status of the international currency which points to the declining of the US 3_______ power. However, high volatility of the American dollar continues to create instability on the world-wide trade 4_______.

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Travelers’ checks are 1_______ sold in a variety of denominations by banks and travel agencies. Buyers pay the face amount of the check plus a small fee for the 2_______.
The 12 Federal Reserve banks order currency and coins from the Treasury, just as a supermarket orders different breakfast cereals to meet customers’ needs. If your neighbourhood bank doesn’t have enough cash on hand, or is short of certain denominations, such as $10 and $20 bills, it 3_______ what it needs from its account at the Reserve bank, just as someone might 4_______ a check at the neighbourhood bank to get currency.