Вопрос № 911611 - Английский язык

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Signals can be either analogue or digital. In an analogue signal, the signal is varied continuously with respect to the information. In a digital signal, the information is encoded as a set of discrete values (for example ones and zeros). During transmission the information contained in analogue signals will be degraded by noise. Conversely, unless the noise exceeds a certain threshold, the information contained in digital signals will remain intact. This noise resistance represents a key advantage of digital signals over analogue signals.

Signals can be either analogue or digital. In an analogue signal, the signal is varied continuously with respect to the information. In a digital signal, the information is encoded as a set of discrete values (for example ones and zeros). During transmission the information contained in analogue signals will be degraded by noise. Conversely, unless the noise exceeds a certain threshold, the information contained in digital signals will remain intact. This noise resistance represents a key advantage of digital signals over analogue signals.
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Telephone lines were designed to carry the human 1_______, not electronic data from a computer. Modems were invented to convert 2_______ computer signals into a form that allows them to travel over the 3_______ lines. Those are the scratchy sounds you hear from a modem’s speaker. A modem on the other end of the line can understand it and 4_______ the sounds back into digital information that the computer can understand. By the way, the word modem stands for MOdulator/DEModulator.

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Buying and using a modem used to be relatively easy. Not too long ago, almost all modems transferred data at a 1_______ of 2400 Bps (bits per second). Today, modems not only run faster, they are also loaded with features like error control and data compression. So, in addition to converting and interpreting signals, 2_______ also act like traffic cops, monitoring and regulating the flow of 3_______. That way, one computer doesn’t send information until the receiving computer is ready for it. Each of these features, modulation, error control, and data compression, requires a separate kind of 4_______ and that’s what some of those terms you see like V.32, V.32bis, V.42bis and MNP5 refer to.

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If your computer didn’t come with an internal modem, consider buying an 1_______ one, because it is much easier to install and 2_______. For example, when your 3_______ gets stuck (not an unusual occurrence), you need to turn it off and on to get it working properly. With an 4_______ modem, that means restarting your computer – a waste of time. With an external modem it’s as easy as flipping a switch.

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A modem’s speed is measured in bits per second (bps). A 14.4 modem 1_______ data at 14,400 bits per second. A 28.8 modem is twice as fast, sending and receiving 2_______ at a rate of up to 28,800 bits per second.
Many things can interfere with the speed of a file transfer. These can range from excessive line 3_______ on the telephone line, the speed of the web server from which you are downloading files, the number of other people trying to access the same file and the overall traffic on the 4_______.