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International Relations
1. International Relations (IR) is the study of relationships among countries and the roles of sovereign states. As political activity, international relations dates from the time of the Greek historian Thucydides (460 – 395 BC), and, in the early 20th century, became a discrete academic field within political science.
2. The history of international relations based on sovereign states is often traced back to the Peace of Westphalia of 1648, a stepping stone in the development of the modern state system. Prior to this the European medieval organization of political authority was based on a vaguely hierarchical religious order.
3. Besides political science, the field of International Relations draws intellectual materials from the fields of technology and engineering, economics, history and international law, philosophy, geography and sociology. The scope of International Relations comprehends globalization, state sovereignty, ecological sustainability, economic development and global finance, human security and human rights.
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The current international system is characterized by growing interdependence.
The contemporary international system was finally established through decolonization.
Cooperation between states is a way to maximize each individual state’s security.
The history of international relations can be traced back to thousands of years ago.
