Вопрос № 605412 - Английский язык

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Marks and Spencer is a chain of department stores which sells men’s and women’s clothing, home furnishing, plants and food. The company was started in 1884 by a Russian refugee, Michael Marks, who sold goods such as pins, cotton, and cloth from a box as he walked from village to village. Tom Spencer, an accountant, joined him in 1894 and six years later they had 34 ‘penny bazaars’, market stalls where everything sold for a penny. Today there are nearly 1,000 Marks and Spencer shops both in Britain and worldwide, the majority of them in Canada and in the USA. Marks and Spencer sells 5% of Britain’s food and 16% of its clothing. This gives the company great buying power and all its goods are produced by outside manufactures and then sold in the stores under the brand name St Michael, which was introduced in 1928. Marks and Spencer clothing is traditional in design and good value for money. Its food is expensive, of high quality and great choice. The stores’ hygienic and slightly oppressive atmosphere, mixed with hard business practice and great wealth make Marks and Spencer seem like a respectable middle-aged couple leading an obedient community.
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Marks and Spencer is _______.

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Woolworth’s is an American chain store which opened its first branch in 1909. The store used to sell a wide range of goods including food, furniture, records, toys, sweets, clothes and paint. Woolworth’s was seen as the place where poor people would go to buy cheap goods. Woolworth’s now sells small range of profitable goods, such as children’s clothes, sweets, videos and make up. It has a clever advertising campaign which concentrates on videos and CDs and always uses the same simple formula. This attracts people into Woolworth’s to buy other things.
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Woolworth’s was seen as the place where poor people would go _______.

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V.H. Smith is a national chain of shops which sells newspapers and magazines. It also sells books, videos, CDs, stationery, pens and office equipment. Smith’s has a mass-market image of bookselling and in 1989 they bought Waterstones chain of bookshops which sells quality books in well-designed surroundings, W. H. Smith was William Henry Smith, born in 1792, who inherited a newspaper delivery business from his father. The family received the title of Viscount Hambelden in 1891.
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V.H. Smith is a national chain of shops which sells _______.

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The Body Shop sells perfumes, soap, shampoo and skin-care products for men and women. There are 130 shops in the UK and 300 worldwide. The Body Shop advertises itself through its philosophy, which is concern about pollution, the environment and green issues. None of the products are tested on animals, the ingredients are natural as much as possible, and each shop has a refill section, so that customers can re-use their bottles. However, all the bottles are plastic and the Body Shop must have made many millions of them since the first shop opened in Brighton in 1976. This will not help pollution. The shops sell good, cheap products in attractive surroundings. The company has shown good business sense in two ways. Apart from 23 company-owned shops in Britain, the rest are owned on a franchise: the name is bought by the manager of the shop who runs the shop with company advice. Secondly, all the shops have a strong, simple design. They are dark green, have wide open doors and a feeling of space and colour. They all carry the distinctive yellow and green Body Shop logo.
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The Body Shop advertises itself _______.

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Tesco was founded by Jack Cohen, who used to say ‘pile it high, sell it cheap’ to explain the great success of his supermarkets. There are a lot of stores with 80,000 employees in Britain. Cohen started in 1918 with £30 worth of Air Force groceries which he brought at discount and sold on a market stall. The name came about like this: Cohen used to buy job-lots and chests of food. One day of 1924 Cohen bought some chests of tea from an importer called T. E. Stockwell and he needed a name in a hurry to put on the crates. He took TES from an importer’s initials and CO from his own and sold the tea. “It happened so quickly,” said T. E. Stockwell. Tesco’s first self-service supermarket opened in 1949 after Cohen saw the system operated in America. It was during the 1950s that Tesco started cutting (slashing) its prices and Cohen became known as “Jack the Slasher.”
The cut-price image has remained and the name “Tesco” is often used to mean anything cheap and unsophisticated. Today Tesco has an expensive advertising campaign in an effort to upgrade the image.
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Today Tesco has _______.

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When the weather is warm, many families enjoy a cookout in the yard with a portable grill that uses small blocks of partly-burned wood called charcoal. One reason for eating outside is that it may be cooler than the kitchen and dining room. However, many people enjoy the taste of charcoal-boiled meats and being outside in the fresh air.
Cold drinks go naturally with cookouts. Beer, iced tea and soft drinks are usually available. While waiting for the charcoal to become hot, people sip their drinks and nibble on appetisers such as potato chips and sour cream dip.
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One reason for eating outside is that _______.