Вопрос № 911808 - Английский язык

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The Queen officially head of all the branches of government, but she has little direct power in the country. The constitution has three branches: Parliament, which makes laws, the government, which “executes“ laws (puts them into effect) and the courts, which interpret laws. Parliament has two parts: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. 1_______. They are known as Members of Parliament. The Prime Minister is advised by a Cabinet of about twenty other ministers. 2_______. The Cabinet includes the ministers in charge of major government departments or ministries. 3_______. Even if the Government changes after an election, the same civil servants are employed. Members of the House of Lords are not elected. About 70 per cent of them are “hereditary peers” because their fathers were peers before them. 4_______.

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The House of Commons
1. The House of Commons, the centre of parliamentary power, is directly responsible to the electorate. From the 20lh century the House of Lords has recognised the supremacy of the elected chamber. The House of Commons is traditionally regarded as the lower house, but it is the main parliamentary arena for political battle. A Government can only remain in office for as long as it has the support of a majority in the House of Commons.
2. New legislation usually starts in this House which has primacy over the non-elected House of Lords. «Money bills», concerned solely with taxation and public expenditure, are always introduced in the Commons and must be passed by the Lords promptly and without amendment. When the two houses disagree on a non-money bill, the elected chamber prevails.
3. A Member of Parliament (MP) is elected by a particular area or constituency in Britain to represent them in the House of Commons. MPs have many duties that involve them in different activities. A lot of MPs’ work has nothing to do with voting in Parliament. MPs are there to help people and to try to make sure their rights under the law are not violated. Some MPs hold an advice bureau in their constituencies, where people can go for help and recommendation.
4. The presiding officer in the House of Commons is the Speaker. He is responsible for ensuring that the rules laid down by the House for the carrying out of its business are observed. He acts as the House's representative in its relations with outside bodies and the other elements of Parliament such as the Lords and the Monarch. The Speaker is elected by MPs in the House of Commons but then ceases to be involved in party politics. Even after retirement a former Speaker shall not take part in political issues.
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The House of Commons is called «the elected chamber» because its members are elected by …

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The Queen officially head of all the branches of government, but she has little direct power in the country. The constitution has three branches: Parliament, which makes laws, the government, which “executes“ laws (puts them into effect) and the courts, which interpret laws. Parliament has two parts: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. 1_______. They are known as Members of Parliament. The Prime Minister is advised by a Cabinet of about twenty other ministers. 2_______. The Cabinet includes the ministers in charge of major government departments or ministries. 3_______. Even if the Government changes after an election, the same civil servants are employed. Members of the House of Lords are not elected. About 70 per cent of them are “hereditary peers” because their fathers were peers before them. 4_______.

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1_______. A country that has inspired many names – “Land of Opportunity“, “Melting pot”, “God's Country”, is still referred to as land of superlatives – “the richest”, “the greatest”, “the most”. 2_______. The Government is divided into three branches: legislative (the US Congress), executive (the President and his Administration) and judicial (the US Supreme Court) There are two main political parties in the USA: the Democratic (symbolize by a donkey) and the Republican (symbolize by an elephant). 3_______. He is elected for a 4-year term. The Supreme Court consists of Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices who are appointed for life. 4_______.

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1_______. When registering, the voter must produce an identification card. 2_______. The administration of elections is vested in an election commission. 3_______. Prior to holding primary or general election, the commission appoints election officers for each precinct and also arranges for polling places. 4_______.

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There are about two hundred district judges in the USA. Cases tried in the district court may be appealed in one of the eleven Courts of Appeal and in the Supreme Court. The decision of the Supreme Court is final. In the US the judiciary is divided into the federal and state judiciary. Jurisdiction of particular courts or judges is determined by either the national or state constitutions and laws. The state courts are organized in a system that looks like the system of Federal Courts with a Supreme Court at the top. In most of the states the lowest courts are the magistrates, or police courts.
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In the US the judiciary is divided into …