Вопрос № 119325 - Английский язык

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Solar radiation instruments measure the spectral range of radiation, including global solar radiation.

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Thermal radiation
1. Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of charged particles in matter. All matter with a temperature greater than absolute zero emits thermal radiation. The mechanism is that bodies with a temperature above absolute zero have atoms or molecules with kinetic energies which are changing, and these changes result in charge-acceleration and/or dipole oscillation of the charges that compose the atoms. This motion of charges produces electromagnetic radiation in the usual way. However, the side spectrum of this radiation reflects the wide spectrum of energies and accelerations of the charges in any piece of matter at even a single temperature.
2. Examples of thermal radiation include the visible light and infrared light emitted by an incandescent light bulb, the infrared radiation emitted by animals and detectable with an infrared camera, and the cosmic microwave background radiation. Thermal radiation is different from thermal convection and thermal conduction – a person near a raging bonfire feels radiant heating from the fire, even if the surrounding air is very cold.
3. Sunlight is thermal radiation generated by the hot plasma of the Sun. The Earth also emits thermal radiation, but at a much lower intensity and different spectral distribution (infrared rather than visible) because it is cooler. The Earth's absorption of solar radiation, followed by its outgoing thermal radiation are the two most important processes that determine the temperature and climate of the Earth.
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What does solar light absorption by the Earth result in?

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Medical technology applies engineering principles to the fields of biology and medicine, for example in the development of aids or replacements for defective or missing body parts. 1 _______.
Ultracane, as the name suggests, uses ultrasound (sound above the level of human hearing) to help blind people detect obstacles around them so that they can walk with more confidence. 2 _______. (Finding your location, as bats do, echoes from sound waves is called echolocation.) 3 _______. Robot surgeons are also used for keyhole surgery. 4 _______.

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Germanium is more suitable for many applications than silicon.

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In some countries the educational system is based on streaming which means that children are educated according to their _______.