Прочитайте текст и определите какой из заголовков соответствует тексту Greenhouse effect is the term...: ответ на тест 284135 - Английский язык

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Greenhouse effect is the term for the role the atmosphere in warming the earth's surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent to incoming short-wave solar radiation, which heats the earth's surface. Much of this radiation is reflected back by gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone in the atmosphere. This heating effect is at the root of the theories concerning global warming.

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Greenhouse effect is the term for the role the atmosphere in warming the earth's surface. The atmosphere is largely transparent to incoming short-wave solar radiation, which heats the earth's surface. Much of this radiation is reflected back by gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone in the atmosphere. This heating effect is at the root of the theories concerning global warming.

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Global warming is an increase in the earth's temperature due to the use of fossil fuels and other industrial processes leading to a build-up of "greenhouse gases" (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide) in the atmosphere. It has been known since 1896 that carbon dioxide helps stop the sun's infrared radiation from escaping into space and thus functions to maintain the Earth's relatively warm temperature (this is called the greenhouse effect). The question is whether the increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will lead to elevated global temperatures, which could result major climatic changes, and have serious problems for agricultural productivity.

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Scientists are finding other effects of acid rain. In some large areas trees are dying. Not just one tree here and there, but whole forests. At first scientists couldn’t understand why. There were no bugs or diseases in these trees. The weather was not dry. But now they think that the rain was the cause. Acid rain is making the earth more acidic in these areas. Some kinds of trees cannot live in the soil that is very acidic.

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In the field of nutrition the outstanding advance of the 20th century was the discovery and the appreciation of the importance to health of the “accessory food factors”, or vitamins. Various works had shown that animals did not thrive on a synthetic diet containing all the correct amounts of protein, fat, and carbohydrate; they even suggested that there must be some unknown ingredients in natural food that were essential for growth and maintenance of health. But little progress was made in this field until the classical experiments of the English biologist F. Jowland Hopkins were published in 1912. The name “vitamine” was suggested for these substances by the biochemist Casimir Funk.

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In 1921, at the University of Toronto, Frederic Grant Banting and Charles H. Best conducted experiments that successfully isolated the hormone insulin. This hormone is used to control the disease diabetes. The name of the hormone is derived from Latin word for island, insula, because the hormone is produced in the part of the pancreas called the Isles of Langerhans.
Insulin is protein and is digested by the enzymes. Banting and Best used animal experiments to extract insulin and demonstrated that it stopped symptoms of diabetes. Commercial production of insulin uses pigs, oxen, and sheep as sources for the hormone.