Вопрос № 782647 - Английский язык

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Any instrument for measuring electricity is known as an ammeter. An ammeter is used for measuring current in amperes. The abbreviation for the ampere is amp. there are very delicate ammeters that are used for measuring very small current. They are known as a milliammeter and a microammeter. The device for reading a thousands of an ampere is called a milliammeter while a microammeter is a device for reading a millionth of an ampere.

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Current transformers are used for operating ammeters, wattmeters, and other measuring devices. They produce in the meters a current lower than the measured current but proportional to it.
Current transformers also insulate the instrument from the circuit which is being measured. This is necessary for high voltage circuits.

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In 1858, a French engineer, Thome` de Gamond arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one mile tunnel across the English Channel. He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel. The platform will serve as a port and a railway station. The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea-level. In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an English-man, William Low. He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built. This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it. 42 years later, a tunnel was actually begun. If, as the time, the British had no feared invasion, it would have been completed.

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London transport is the largest urban transport organization in Europe, covering an operating area of over 630 square miles. Each working day, about 2.8 passenger journeys are made on 470 underground trains, which run along 250 miles of route. In addition nearly 4 million passenger trips are made on buses. 100 routes are operated by independent companies under control. 85% of London commuters use public transport.
The London Transport Museum is a unique collection. Frequent special exhibitions focus on particular aspects of transport in London.

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Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It is found in three different states: solid, liquid and gaseous. Matter, as Albert Einstein explained in his Theory of Relativity, can also be described as a condensed form of energy. In Einstein’s own words:”Mass and energy are two different aspects of the same thing”.
We can see this in nuclear fission. The energy condenses to form a nucleus. When we bombard the nucleus with a neutron, the nucleus separates and releases some of the energy in the form of heat.

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An atom, a basic unit of matter, is a packet of energy with electric charges. Except for hydrogen, which has no neutrons, atoms are composed of a nucleus with neutrons and protons and a cloud with electrons orbiting the nucleus. The protons have a positive (+) charge. The electrons have a negative (−) charge. The neutrons have no charge. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel.