Прочитайте текст. The ancient Greeks were among the first to develop a concept of law that separated...: ответ на тест 1072382 - Английский язык

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The ancient Greeks were among the first to develop a concept of law that separated everyday law from religious beliefs. Before the Greeks, most civilizations attributed their laws to their gods. Instead, the Greeks believed that laws were made by the people for the people.
Draco drew up Greece’s first written code of laws in the 7th century ВС. Under this code, death was the punishment for most crimes. Thus, the term “draconian” usually applies to extremely severe measures.
The ancient Greek concept of “natural law” (the belief that certain basic principles are above the laws of a nation) and the development of the first true legal system had a profound effect on the modern world.
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Every country tries to provide laws which will help its people to live safely and comfortably. But no country has been successful in producing laws which are entirely satisfactory.
The main aim of law is to consolidate and safeguard the social and state system and its economic foundation. Thus, law is a system of rules established by the state.
The laws made by the government of one country are often very different from the laws of another country. Law today is a complex of different and relatively independent national systems.
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Every country tries to provide laws which will help its people to live safely and comfortably. But no country has been successful in producing laws which are entirely satisfactory.
The main aim of law is to consolidate and safeguard the social and state system and its economic foundation. Thus, law is a system of rules established by the state.
The laws made by the government of one country are often very different from the laws of another country. Law today is a complex of different and relatively independent national systems.
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Laws gradually change over time to reflect the continual changes in society. During the 1600s people from many regions, such as Spain, France, Sweden, Norway and West Africa, settled in North America. Most colonists, however, came from England. They brought with them ideas about government that had been developing in England for centuries.
At the heart of the English system there were two principles of government: limited government and representative government. The idea first appeared in the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, that King John signed in 1215. The Magna Carta established the principle of limited government, in which the power of the monarch was not absolute. This document provided for protection against unjust punishment and the loss of life, liberty, and property except according to law.
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The legacy of self-government, inherited from the English colonists, enables Americans today to voice their opinions without fear of reprisal, to choose their leaders, and to take an active part in shaping the communities in which they live. Modern Americans believe that there are natural rights – life, liberty, and property – that governments are contracted to protect. The Bill of Rights includes the following fundamental rights of any American: the freedom of religion, speech, and the press, the right to petition the government to correct wrongs, and the right of trial by jury.
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The UK has no single constitutional document like most other nations. The constitution of the United Kingdom which has evolved over many centuries is the set of laws and principles under which the United Kingdom is governed. That is why it is often said that the set of laws and principles the country has is an “unwritten” constitution.
Britain does, however, have certain important constitutional documents, including the Magna Carta (1215) which protects the rights of the community against the Crown; the Bill of Rights (1689) which extended the powers of Parliament, making it impossible for the Sovereign to ignore the wishes of the Government; and the Reform Act (1832), which reformed the system of parliamentary representation.
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