Прочитайте текст. Some historians divide the whole history of mankind into four phases: of hunting a...: ответ на тест 1072720 - Английский язык

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Some historians divide the whole history of mankind into four phases: of hunting and fishing, of sheep and cattle tending, of agriculture, and of industry. For modern man all four phases of activity exist side by side; but prehistoric man hunted or collected all his food. Agricultural history is the story of how man gradually moved from the first to the latest phase. The latest industrial phase has brought about both the greatest increase in the production of food and also the most effective system of distributing it.
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Who hunted or collected all food?

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Most people who work in the agricultural industry do not work on farms and ranches, but rather they are employed by the feed, seed, farm machinery, fertilizer, chemical supply, and food-processing businesses. There are also many agribusiness workers in finance, distribution, and marketing firms who provide service to production agriculturalists. Agriculture is big business, supplying agricultural production inputs and subsequently producing, processing, and distributing food and fiber.

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New foods are not always given an immediate welcome. For example, the potato, though introduced to England in the 17th century, did not become a national staple food until the 19th century. The tomato, which began to be consumed in very large quantities in England only from about 1880, took several years to establish itself.
Certain peoples have certain food taboos, that is, foods which are not eaten usually because of religious law. Many tribes in Africa and America do not eat pork, Hindus do not eat beef. The Chinese, by tradition, have not been milk-drinkers, and their recipes for cooking have remained unchanged for thousands of years.
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What don’t Hindus eat?

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At the dawn of history we find man practicing the most elementary methods of modifying soil conditions. He broke up the surface and prepared a seed-bed, using for this purpose the most primitive of all cultivating devices, a digging implement like a hoe. In early times the principal crops were cereals and flax.
By the 19th century such a complexity of implements had been introduced as to justify the term «agricultural machinery». In agriculture, as in industry, the use first of water-power and then of steam had immensely stimulated the invention of machinery or replacing manual labour.  A threshing-machine was invested late in the 18th century and was gradually coming into use early in the 19th. It was driven by water or wind, sometimes by horse labour and later by steam. The mowing-machine, the self-binder and the potato-digger had been developed in the first instance for horse or manual labour.
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What stimulated the invention of machinery?

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The Roman Empire began as a country of small farms on the Italian peninsula before 500 B.C. By the A.D. 200s the Romans had developed new farming methods, e.g. systems of crop rotation. The selective breeding of plants and livestock began in Europe during Roman times, too. During the Middle Ages European farmers invented a three-field system of crop-rotation during the Middle Ages. In many areas, it replaced the Roman two-field system. On most European farms horses gradually replaced oxen as the chief source of power. Many special-purpose livestock breeds were developed.

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Various organs of livestock supply drugs used by a great number of people. Animal fat can be processed and made into livestock feed and soap. Every year, livestock produce tons of body wastes that are used to fertilize the soil. This organic fertilizer increases the growth and food production of many plants. Horses were once widely used as work animals on farms. But automated farm equipment has replaced horses for farm work in most parts of the world. Today, people use horses primarily for recreational riding and for racing.