Вопрос № 884491 - Английский язык

Barley grows best under the same conditions as wheat. It is much more adaptable as far as soil, temperature and rainfall are concerned, and requires a shorter ripening period. That is why areas devoted to barley and wheat roughly coincide, but barley is also grown in cooler, more northerly districts of eastern Scotland and in moister regions in Ireland.
Barley is used principally for fodder (40 per cent). But a certain kind of barley is particularly suitable for the production of beer and whisky (15 per cent).
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Barley grows best under the same conditions as wheat. It is much more adaptable as far as soil, temperature and rainfall are concerned, and requires a shorter ripening period. That is why areas devoted to barley and wheat roughly coincide, but barley is also grown in cooler, more northerly districts of eastern Scotland and in moister regions in Ireland.
Barley is used principally for fodder (40 per cent). But a certain kind of barley is particularly suitable for the production of beer and whisky (15 per cent).
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Although oats are more tolerant of poor soils and cool damp conditions the area under this crop is gradually decreasing. This is largely because it is being required less and less to feed horses as mechanization takes over on the farms. Oats tend to be used in the areas in which they are grown. In England, Wales and Ireland their chief use is as winter feed for cattle. Scotland is one of the few countries in which oats are cultivated for human consumption, to make porridge, oatcakes, etc.

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Sheep no longer play such an important part in British agriculture as they did in the past, when there was a steady export of wool to the continent of Europe. Nowadays they are in general numerous only on the land which is unsuitable for other types of farming. Although lamb production is the main source of income for sheep farmers, wool is also important.

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Agriculture in the United Kingdom accounts for less than 2 percent of the gross national product (GNP) and employs some 2 percent of the work force. Farming is highly mechanized, though farms are not extremely large, and is dominated by the raising of sheep and cattle. The United Kingdom is not agriculturally self-sufficient. Chief crops include barley, wheat, sugar beets, and potatoes.

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Only about 2 per cent of the working population in Britain are engaged in agriculture. It 1_______ nearly two-thirds of Britain’s food requirements compared with just a half in 1960.
The 2_______ arable crops grown in Britain together with other minor cereals and root crops are wheat, barley and oats. Climate is the chief factor limiting the successful cultivation of cereal crops, especially of wheat. Therefore the 3_______ devoted mostly to arable crops are found mainly in eastern and southern 4_______ and eastern Scotland.