Прочитайте текст. The UK has no single constitutional document like most other nations. The constitu...: ответ на тест 1072386 - Английский язык

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The UK has no single constitutional document like most other nations. The constitution of the United Kingdom which has evolved over many centuries is the set of laws and principles under which the United Kingdom is governed. That is why it is often said that the set of laws and principles the country has is an “unwritten” constitution.
Britain does, however, have certain important constitutional documents, including the Magna Carta (1215) which protects the rights of the community against the Crown; the Bill of Rights (1689) which extended the powers of Parliament, making it impossible for the Sovereign to ignore the wishes of the Government; and the Reform Act (1832), which reformed the system of parliamentary representation.
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What is the Constitution of Britain?
Britain is unusual because its constitution is not found in a formal written document. Instead, the constitutional rights of citizens and the powers of government are found in various case-law rulings, statutes, and even in traditions. For example, the important constitutional principle that the king or queen must approve any legislation passed by parliament is simply an unwritten tradition that has gradually developed over the last three hundred years. There is a debate in Britain about whether citizens’ rights would be better guaranteed by a written constitution, or at least a bill of rights. Some people argue that the government has too much freedom and that it is too easy to change the constitution since all that is needed is a new statute or even a change in traditional procedure. They complain that recent governments have overused libel laws and the Official Secrets Act (to censor information in the interests of national security), and feel that citizens’ rights have fallen behind those in neighboring European countries. Others argue that the flexibility of an unwritten constitution is a good thing, that the lack of a written constitution has not stood in the way of a long tradition of individual liberty in Britain, and that many countries with constitutions which look liberal on the surface suffer from oppressive governments which simply find ways to ignore constitutional rights.

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Under the Constitution of Russia judges shall be citizens of the Russian Federation over 25 years of age with 1_______ education in law, having five-year experience in law. Their duty consists: in examining all the 2_______ evidence, interrogating the defendants, interviewing victims and 3_______, hearing the experts’ findings, examining the physical evidence and passing sentence which must be 4_______, grounded and just.

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The main task of notarial offices is to check the legality of all 1_______ they witness and to give 2_______ advice and to render assistance to institutions, 3_______, enterprises and individuals in protecting their legitimate interests. The duty of the 4_______ also consists in helping applicants to make wills, in drawing deeds of gift, purchase and sale.

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Advocates are united into 1_______ organizations – colleges of advocates (the Bar). In accordance with the Constitution, the main task of the 2_______ is promoting the protection of the lawful rights and 3_______ of citizens and organizations, the observance of law. Members of the Bar give advice on juridical matters, act as their clients’ representatives in 4_______, participate in the preliminary investigation and in court in criminal cases as counsels for the defence, represent victims, plaintiffs, defendants.

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A jury consists of twelve people (“jurors”), who are 1_______ people chosen at random from the list of people who can vote in elections. The jury listen to the evidence given in court in certain criminal 2_______ and decide whether the defendant is guilty or innocent. If the person is found 3_______, the punishment is passed by the presiding 4_______. Juries are rarely used in civil cases.