Вопрос № 911717 - Английский язык

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Electricity
1. Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons. These electric charges are measured in units called coulombs. Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current (DC), which flows in one direction only, and alternating current (AC), which changes direction 60 times per second.
2. An electric circuit is an unbroken conducting path from, and back to, a power supply. It has three main parts: the power supply, the conductor, and the load. The power is provided by a generator or battery, the conductor carries the current, and the load is an electric device such as a lamp.
3. Unlike current electricity, static electricity does not flow. It is created when an electrically neutral substance loses or gains electrons, making it, respectively, positively or negatively charged. You can create static electricity by rubbing a balloon on your clothing. Electrons will move from the clothing to the balloon, making the balloon negatively charged and the clothing positively charged. The resulting static electricity on each will attract small, light objects such as pieces of paper.
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What device is designated for the continuous flow of electric current?

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Electricity
1. Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons. These electric charges are measured in units called coulombs. Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current (DC), which flows in one direction only, and alternating current (AC), which changes direction 60 times per second.
2. An electric circuit is an unbroken conducting path from, and back to, a power supply. It has three main parts: the power supply, the conductor, and the load. The power is provided by a generator or battery, the conductor carries the current, and the load is an electric device such as a lamp.
3. Unlike current electricity, static electricity does not flow. It is created when an electrically neutral substance loses or gains electrons, making it, respectively, positively or negatively charged. You can create static electricity by rubbing a balloon on your clothing. Electrons will move from the clothing to the balloon, making the balloon negatively charged and the clothing positively charged. The resulting static electricity on each will attract small, light objects such as pieces of paper.
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Our history includes many great scientists. 1_______. Some of these changes were fundamental and scientists call them paradigm shifts. Before Copernicus’ time, most people in the West believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and that everything else revolved around it. 2_______. Isaac Newton made a mechanical description of the universe and wrote laws of motion and gravitation and this led to the industrial revolution. 3_______. Albert Einstein explained, among other things, that everything comes from the same energy, that we are all parts of the same whole. 4_______. In some cases, however, the application of new knowledge has also caused destruction. History teaches us that opposites are inherent to nature – we construct and destroy, believe and doubt.

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1_______. Before that time Russia had no automobile industry at all, technical schools had no departments to train specialists in automobile engineering.
2_______.
The first automobile built by Shanshurenkov, a Russian inventor, was put into motion by the pedaling of the driver himself.
3_______. Mamin was one of the pioneers in Russian internal combustion engines.
4_______.

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1_______. When Benz’s three-wheeled engine-driven machine (the first “car”) appeared on the streets in 1885, people couldn’t believe that it moved without the aid of horses. 2_______. He put it onto a chassis and got power from the engine to the wheels. 3_______. Everything – the engine, fuel transmission, controls – had been developed and designed by him. 4_______.

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1_______. He was the first to discover the law of dependence of the properties of the elements upon their atomic weights. 2_______. He published his famous “periodic classification” in 1869.
3_______. He predicted the existence of unknown elements which he called ekaboron, ekaaluminium and ekasilikon and for which he left gaps in his table. 4_______. The discovery of gallium in 1875 was followed by the discovery of scandium (ekaboron) in 1879 and the discovery of germanium (ekasilikon) in 1886. No gaps are left now for undiscovered elements.