Прочитайте текст. The president is the commander-in-chief of the military can veto legislative bills...: ответ на тест 1105010 - Английский язык

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The president is the commander-in-chief of the military, can veto legislative bills before they become law, and appoints the Cabinet and other officers, who administer and enforce federal laws and policies. The president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term. A candidate for president must be a citizen of Russia, at least thirty-five years of age, and a resident of the country for at least ten years. If a president is unable to continue in office because of health problems, resignation, impeachment, or death, a presidential election is to be held not more than three months later. In such a situation, the Federation Council is empowered to set the election date.
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What characteristics must a candidate for president have?

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1_______. The President’s term of office is four years, together with the Vice-President, elected for the same term. 2_______. The Cabinet advises the President on many matters and is composed of the heads of ten executive departments: Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of Defense and others.
3_______. The Supreme Court may veto any law passed by the Congress if it contradicts the Constitution of the USA.
The USA is a federal union, and the President is the head of the federal government, which deals with international problems and national matters. But every state has its own constitution and state government headed by the congress and managing their local affairs. 4_______.

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It is often said that the Queen is politically neutral and her role is largely ceremonial. However, the Queen is still involved in many important acts of government. The Queen calls and dissolves Parliament. She normally opens the new session of Parliament with a speech from the throne which is written for her by the Government and outlines her Government’s programme. Before a bill becomes law the Queen must give it her Royal Assent, which is announced to both Houses of Parliament. The Queen can, on advice of Ministers, pardon criminals. She has the power to confer honors (peerages, knighthoods, etc.). The Queen makes appointments to many important state offices, on the advice of the Prime Minister or the relevant Cabinet Minister. She has the power to conclude treaties, to declare war and to makepeace, to recognize foreign states and governments and to annex territory. The Queen presides over meetings of the Privy Council, a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. Its members are senior politicians, who were or are members of either the House of Commons or House of Lords. The Queen is informed and consulted about all aspects of national life.

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Common law results from custom or legal precedents and is interpreted in courts by judges. A statute is a formal written act of a legislative authority that governs a state, city, or county. Conventions are rules and practices which are regarded as necessary to the working of government, often derived from the historical events. A convention can be changed by Act of Parliament, or by general agreement.
Since Britain joined the European Community in 1973, the European Court of Human Justice have increasingly determined British law in those areas which are covered by the various treaties to which Britain is a party.

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Voting is voluntary and by secret ballot. Any person aged 21 or over who is a British citizen or citizen of another Commonwealth country or the Irish Republic may stand for election to Parliament, provided they are not disqualified (bankrupt, sentenced to more than one year’s imprisonment, members of the clergy, members of the House of Lords, and a range of public servants and officials). Approved candidates are usually selected by their political party organizations in the constituency which they represent, although candidates do not have party backing.

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Legislative power in Russia is vested in the two chambers of the Federal Assembly. The bicameral Federal Assembly, made up of the State Duma and the Federation Council, adopts federal law, declares war, approves treaties, and has power of impeachment, by which it can remove the President. The Upper Chamber is the Federation Council; the Lower Chamber is the State Duma. Each chamber is headed by the Speaker. Legislature may be initiated in either of the two Chambers, but to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill.