Прочитайте текст. Cigarette smoking is a harmful habit which reduces the expectation of good health ...: ответ на тест 911972 - Английский язык

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Cigarette smoking is a harmful habit which reduces the expectation of good health and shortens life. Cigarette smokers absorb into the lungs:
1. Nicotine. This is a habit-forming drug with a mild stimulatory effect. It causes construction of small blood vessels and a rise in blood pressure.
2. Carcinogenic tars. These tars isolated from cigarette smoke have been shown to cause cancer in experimental animals.
3. Carbon monoxide. Cigarette smokers have raised blood levels of carboxyhaemoglobin passes through into the fetal circulation.
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Nicotine causes construction of small blood vessels and …

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The following ailments are prone to occur in cigarette smokers:
1. Cancer of the lung. Heavy cigarette smokers are 30 times as liable to develop cancer of the lung as non-smokers are. There is overwhelming evidence that lung cancer is caused by cigarette smoking.
2. Bronchitis and emphysema. Prolonged cigarette smoking commonly leads to progressive cough and breathlessness, ultimately leading to respiratory incapacity. Gastric and duodenal ulcers take longer to heal in cigarette smokers.
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Gastric and duodenal ulcers take longer to heal in …

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The following ailments are prone to occur in cigarette smokers:
1. Cancer of the lung. Heavy cigarette smokers are 30 times as liable to develop cancer of the lung as non-smokers are. There is overwhelming evidence that lung cancer is caused by cigarette smoking.
2. Bronchitis and emphysema. Prolonged cigarette smoking commonly leads to progressive cough and breathlessness, ultimately leading to respiratory incapacity. Gastric and duodenal ulcers take longer to heal in cigarette smokers.
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Gastric and duodenal ulcers take longer to heal in …

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Alcohol is the basis of wine, beer and spirits. Taken in moderation, with a meal, or in the company of friends, it can he regarded as one of the pleasure of life. But as with any drug, there are dangers as well as advantages associated with alcohol. Alcohol is rapidly absorbed from the stomach and intestine and soon appears in the blood. As the blood circulation through the lungs, alcohol diffuses into the air in the alveoli. The higher the concentration of alcohol in the blood, the higher the concentration in the breath.
This is the basis of the breathalyzer test used by the police in motorists suspected of driving while under the influence of drink. Alcohol can also be measured in the blood. It is metabolized (broken down) by the liver so that after 6 to 8 hours none can be detected in the blood or breath.
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Alcohol is rapidly absorbed from the stomach and intestine and soon appears in the …

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Tobacco claims 390,000 lives a year, 90,000 more than earlier estimates. Two-thirds of those deaths result from cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and chronic respiratory ailments like emphysema. The average male smoker is 22 times as likely to die from cancer is a nonsmoker. On the bright side, the USA has made substantial strides in curtailing cigarette use. Only 29 % of adults now light up, down from 40 % in 1965.
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Two-thirds of deaths result from cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and chronic respiratory ailments like …

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Cigarette use was declining among teenagers, but has now leveled off. Children, especially girls, are taking up tobacco at a younger age. Among high school seniors who have ever smoked, quarter took their first puff by the sixth grade and half by the eighth. Restrictions on children’s access to cigarettes have weakened; many stores routinely ignore minimum age of purchaser laws.
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Girls are taking up tobacco at a …