Ответы » Английский язык (18796 вопросов)

Вопрос № 1045937 - Английский язык

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Organ transplantation
1. Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the patient's own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re-grown from the patient's own cells (stem cells, or cells extracted from the failing organs). Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called autografts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts.
2. Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both referred to as musculoskeletal grafts), cornea, skin, heart valves, and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed closely by the liver and then the heart. The cornea and musculoskeletal grafts are the most commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by more than tenfold. Organ donors may be living, or brain dead. Tissue may be recovered from donors who are cardiac dead – up to 24 hours past the cessation of heartbeat. Unlike organs, most tissues (with the exception of corneas) can be preserved and stored for up to five years, meaning they can be «banked».
3. Transplantation medicine is one of the most challenging and complex areas of modern medicine. Some of the key areas for medical management are the problems of transplant rejection, during which the body has an immune response to the transplanted organ, possibly leading to transplant failure and the need to immediately remove the organ from the recipient. When possible, transplant rejection can be reduced through serotyping to determine the most appropriate donor-recipient match and through the use of immunosuppressant drugs.
Ответьте на вопрос:
What issues are scientists of comparatively new field of transplantation medicine concerned with nowadays?
Варианты ответов
  • They are searching after the ways of solving the problem of transplant rejection.
  • They are working at creating organs to be re-grown from the patient's own cells.
  • They are concerned with new methods transplantation within the same person's body.
  • They are dealing with transplanted organs or tissues «banking» for a longer period of time.
Тип вопроса: Вопрос с одним правильными вариантом
Правильный ответ
Ответ на этот вопрос уже получили: 15 раз(а)
Помогли ответы? Ставь лайк 👍
Расскажи другу:
Вопрос задал(а): Анонимный пользователь, 13 Ноябрь 2020 в 17:57
На вопрос ответил(а): Анастасия Степанова, 13 Ноябрь 2020 в 17:57

Похожие вопросы

Вопрос № 1045927

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Organ transplantation
1. Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the patient's own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re-grown from the patient's own cells (stem cells, or cells extracted from the failing organs). Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called autografts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts.
2. Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both referred to as musculoskeletal grafts), cornea, skin, heart valves, and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed closely by the liver and then the heart. The cornea and musculoskeletal grafts are the most commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by more than tenfold. Organ donors may be living, or brain dead. Tissue may be recovered from donors who are cardiac dead – up to 24 hours past the cessation of heartbeat. Unlike organs, most tissues (with the exception of corneas) can be preserved and stored for up to five years, meaning they can be «banked».
3. Transplantation medicine is one of the most challenging and complex areas of modern medicine. Some of the key areas for medical management are the problems of transplant rejection, during which the body has an immune response to the transplanted organ, possibly leading to transplant failure and the need to immediately remove the organ from the recipient. When possible, transplant rejection can be reduced through serotyping to determine the most appropriate donor-recipient match and through the use of immunosuppressant drugs.
Содержанию текста соответствует утверждение …
At present all tissues can be preserved («banked») for some years.
Studying an immune response is the most urgent problem of transplantation medicine.
Sometimes the transplanted organ can’t be removed from the recipient.
Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source.

Вопрос № 1045942

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Organ transplantation
1. Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the patient's own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re-grown from the patient's own cells (stem cells, or cells extracted from the failing organs). Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called autografts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts.
2. Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both referred to as musculoskeletal grafts), cornea, skin, heart valves, and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed closely by the liver and then the heart. The cornea and musculoskeletal grafts are the most commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by more than tenfold. Organ donors may be living, or brain dead. Tissue may be recovered from donors who are cardiac dead – up to 24 hours past the cessation of heartbeat. Unlike organs, most tissues (with the exception of corneas) can be preserved and stored for up to five years, meaning they can be «banked».
3. Transplantation medicine is one of the most challenging and complex areas of modern medicine. Some of the key areas for medical management are the problems of transplant rejection, during which the body has an immune response to the transplanted organ, possibly leading to transplant failure and the need to immediately remove the organ from the recipient. When possible, transplant rejection can be reduced through serotyping to determine the most appropriate donor-recipient match and through the use of immunosuppressant drugs.
Основной идеей текста является …
Despite some problems, transplantation medicine is one of the most leading fields of medicine today.
The purpose of transplantation medicine nowadays is to replace the recipients’ damaged or absent organs.
Today some organs and most tissues can not only be transplanted but can be preserved for some years.
Transplantation medicine is a developing field of medicine providing patients with healthy organs and tissues.

Другие вопросы по предмету Английский язык

Вопрос № 1045938

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Regenerative medicine
1. Regenerative medicine is the «process of replacing or regenerating human cells, tissues or organs to restore or establish normal function». This field holds the promise of regenerating damaged tissues and organs in the body by replacing damaged tissue and/or by stimulating the body's own repair mechanisms to heal previously irreparable tissues or organs.
2. Regenerative medicine empowers scientists to grow tissues and organs in the laboratory and safely implant them when the body cannot heal itself. Importantly, regenerative medicine has the potential to solve the problem of the shortage of organs available for donation compared to the number of patients that require life-saving organ transplantation.
3. Widely attributed to having first been coined by William Haseltine (founder of Human Genome Sciences), the term «Regenerative Medicine» was first found in a 1992 article on hospital administration by Leland Kaiser. Kaiser’s paper closes with a series of short paragraphs on future technologies that will impact hospitals. One such paragraph had «Regenerative Medicine» as a bold print title and went on to state, «A new branch of medicine will develop that attempts to change the course of chronic disease and in many instances will regenerate tired and failing organ systems».
4. Regenerative Medicine refers to a group of biomedical approaches to clinical therapies that may involve the use of stem cells. Examples include the injection of stem cells or progenitor cells (cell therapies); the induction of regeneration by biologically active molecules administered alone or as a secretion by infused cells (immunomodulation therapy); and transplantation of in vitro grown organs and tissues.
Ответьте на вопрос:
When does regenerative medicine apply implantation?
It uses implantation in order to save the shortened organs.
Doctors have been implanting organs and tissues since 1992.
Nowadays cell therapies are widely applied.
It happens when a human organism can’t heal itself.

Вопрос № 1045940

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
A stroke
1. A stroke, or cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is the rapid loss of brain function due to disturbance in the blood supply to the brain. This can be due to ischemia caused by blockage (thrombosis, arterial embolism), or a hemorrhage. As a result, the affected area of the brain cannot function, which might result in an inability to move one or more limbs on one side of the body, inability to understand or formulate speech, or an inability to see one side of the visual field.
2. A stroke is a medical emergency and can cause permanent neurological damage and death. Risk factors for stroke include old age, high blood pressure, previous stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), diabetes, high cholesterol, tobacco smoking and atrial fibrillation. High blood pressure is the most important modifiable risk factor of stroke. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide.
3. An ischemic stroke is occasionally treated in a hospital with thrombolysis (also known as a «clot buster»), and some hemorrhagic strokes benefit from neurosurgery. Treatment to recover any lost function is termed stroke rehabilitation, ideally in a stroke unit and involving health professions such as speech and language therapy, physical therapy and occupational therapy.
4. Prevention of recurrence may involve the administration of antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and dipyridamole, control and reduction of high blood pressure, and the use of statins. Selected patients may benefit from carotid endarterectomy and the use of anticoagulants.
Основной идеей текста является …
Though a stroke is a serious disease with many possible serious complications, nowadays doctors know how to treat it.
It is widely known that a stroke mostly affects people with poor blood vessels or people who smoke much.
A stroke is the rapid loss of brain function that can be provoked by some serious diseases or bad habits and the one that demands intense treatment.
A stroke is a medical emergency due to possible serious complications that can be treated with or without surgical intervention which can reoccur without proper preventive measures.

Вопрос № 1045941

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Metabolism
1. Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. Metabolism is usually divided into two categories. Catabolism breaks down organic matter, for example to harvest energy in cellular respiration. Anabolism uses energy to construct components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids.
2. The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy and will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. As enzymes act as catalysts they allow these reactions to proceed quickly and efficiently. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or signals from other cells.
3. The metabolism of an organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which it will find poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.
4. A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species.  For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacteria Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and being retained because of their efficacy.
Основной идеей текста является …
The main metabolic pathways allow one chemical to be transformed through a series of steps into another chemical.
At present the scientists found that metabolism is divided into two stages: anabolism and catabolism.
The scientists stated that enzymes play the most important role in metabolism of even vastly different species.
Metabolism is vitally important for living organisms, being similar between even vastly different species.

Вопрос № 1045942

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
Organ transplantation
1. Organ transplantation is the moving of an organ from one body to another or from a donor site to another location on the patient's own body, for the purpose of replacing the recipient's damaged or absent organ. The emerging field of regenerative medicine is allowing scientists and engineers to create organs to be re-grown from the patient's own cells (stem cells, or cells extracted from the failing organs). Organs and/or tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called autografts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts.
2. Organs that can be transplanted are the heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, pancreas, intestine, and thymus. Tissues include bones, tendons (both referred to as musculoskeletal grafts), cornea, skin, heart valves, and veins. Worldwide, the kidneys are the most commonly transplanted organs, followed closely by the liver and then the heart. The cornea and musculoskeletal grafts are the most commonly transplanted tissues; these outnumber organ transplants by more than tenfold. Organ donors may be living, or brain dead. Tissue may be recovered from donors who are cardiac dead – up to 24 hours past the cessation of heartbeat. Unlike organs, most tissues (with the exception of corneas) can be preserved and stored for up to five years, meaning they can be «banked».
3. Transplantation medicine is one of the most challenging and complex areas of modern medicine. Some of the key areas for medical management are the problems of transplant rejection, during which the body has an immune response to the transplanted organ, possibly leading to transplant failure and the need to immediately remove the organ from the recipient. When possible, transplant rejection can be reduced through serotyping to determine the most appropriate donor-recipient match and through the use of immunosuppressant drugs.
Основной идеей текста является …
Despite some problems, transplantation medicine is one of the most leading fields of medicine today.
The purpose of transplantation medicine nowadays is to replace the recipients’ damaged or absent organs.
Today some organs and most tissues can not only be transplanted but can be preserved for some years.
Transplantation medicine is a developing field of medicine providing patients with healthy organs and tissues.
А еще можно заказать:
Лабораторные от 200 руб Контрольные от 200 руб Курсовые от 500 руб Дипломные от 3000 руб Отчет по практике от 500 руб