Вопрос № 911712 - Английский язык

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An atom, a basic unit of matter, is a packet of energy with electric charges. Except for hydrogen, which has no neutrons, atoms are composed of a nucleus with neutrons and protons and a cloud with electrons orbiting the nucleus. The protons have a positive (+) charge. The electrons have a negative (−) charge. The neutrons have no charge. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel.

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Electromagnetism and gravity are two basic forces of nature. They are very similar and scientists are trying to unify them. Electromagnetism works in small objects – it attracts the electrons from the atomic nucleus and maintains them in place. Gravity works with big objects – the pull of gravity from the nucleus of the Earth maintains our atmosphere in place. Both, the electrons and the Earth, spin and generate an electric and magnetic field around them. These fields make up our planet’s electromagnetic shield.
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Electromagnetism and gravity …

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Iron does not always behave like a magnet and this is because its atoms are usually disorganized. A needle, for example, that contains iron is not a magnet but when you rub the needle with a magnet, its atoms line up and the needle becomes a magnet. The needle can then attract other metals. This property of some substances to attract metals is called magnetism.

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The Quantum Concept is a concept of accumulation. According to Quantum Physics, the physical world around us is composed of individual “packets of energy”, that is, packets that contain energy just as packets of sugar contain sugar. This individual packet of energy forms particles, and particles form atoms. When energy cools off, it accumulates and forms matter.
Our planet, for example, is a living system that results from the accumulation of matter. We can also see the Quantum characteristic of nature in many other aspects of life: a society, for example, which is made up of a group of individuals, or knowledge, which is the result of the accumulation of experience.

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Traffic in Russia is on the right-hand side of streets and roads with traffic way wide enough for several cars moving abreast in one direction. It is forbidden to drive in the left-hand lane if the right-hand lane is free. In Great Britain traffic keeps to the left. Motorcars, motorvans, buses and cyclists must all keep to the left side of the road. In most other countries traffic keeps to the right.

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The slowest aircraft are helicopters, which can hover in the air without moving. Aircraft with wings have to fly above a certain speed, otherwise they will crash. However, pedal-powered aircraft flew across the English Channel for the first time. Its average speed was 8 miles an hour – or faster than you can run!