Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
British Architecture in the Period of Ancient History
1. An Alpine race came to the British Isles about 1700 B.C. A characteristic monument of this civilization, primordially rude and primordially majestic, is the so-called Stonehenge, a sanctuary erected on Salisbury Plain about 1100 B.C. or some-what earlier. During the invasion of Celts tribes fortresses were built on hilltops, towns began to appear in the wealthier south-east, though they were at first no more than large groups of wattle-and-clay houses enriched by a sort of fortificated fence. The invasion by the Romans brought the country into contact with the Roman civilization. Major systems of fortifications were constructed as a defense.
2. Then came the occupation of the country by Anglo-Saxon tribes. The Anglo-Saxon had no big cities, only scattered villages and townships, that is, arrangements of the lord’s house with the wattle-and-mud huts of the villagers grouped round it. The huts were primitive affairs, of wood and clay with no chimney over the open hearth but a hole in the roof to let the smoke out and to let the light in. The hearth was usually nothing more complicated than just a large flat stone in the middle of the earthen floor.
3. The lord’s house had a large yard where much of the housekeeping work was done with lots of auxiliary buildings like sheds and barns and the like inside it. It was protected by a stout fence supplemented by a sort of circular fortification, or mound. The interior arrangements were characteristic: there was always a spacious hall where most of the family’s social life was spent, where the lord had his meals with his family and his guests. The light came through narrow holes in the walls covered with oiled linen.
Основной идеей текста является …
Anglo-Saxon tribes lived in primitive huts with no chimney over the open hearth but a hole in the roof to let the smoke out and to let the light in.
The lord’s house had a large yard where much of the housekeeping work was done with lots of auxiliary buildings like sheds and barns and the like inside it.
A characteristic monument of Alpine civilization is the Stonehenge, a sanctuary erected on Salisbury Plain about 1100 B.C. or somewhat earlier.
Ancient British architecture undertook several changes under the influence of invaders, whose architecture was either primitive or well-developed.