Вопрос № 222831 - Английский язык

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Acid rain is a kind of air pollution. It is caused by factories that burn coal, oil and gas. These factories send smoke high into the air. The wind often carries the smoke far from the factories. Some of the harmful substances in the smoke may come down with the rain hundreds of miles away.

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The Black Country is an old industrial area near Birmingham in the Midlands of Britain. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, it had a lot of factories and coal mines. It was called the ‘Black’ Country because of all the coal mines and smoke from the factories. Britain was the first country in the world to have an Industrial Revolution, and Birmingham and the Black Country were important for the manufacturing of metal goods.
The Black Country Living Museum has authentic factories, shops and houses from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. You can see people working in the factories and shops. Sometimes you can also see people living in the houses, as people did more than a hundred years ago. Fish and chip shops are still common in Britain.

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The rain in many places isn’t natural and clean any more. It’s full of acid chemicals. When it falls in lakes, it changes them too. The lakes become more acidic. Acid water is like vinegar or lemon juice. It hurts when it gets in your eyes. It also kills the plants and animals that usually live in lake water. That is why the fish are dying in lakes. Dead fish may be just the beginning of the problem.

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Scientists are finding other effects of acid rain. In some large areas trees are dying. Not just one tree here and there, but whole forests. At first scientists couldn’t understand why. There were no bugs or diseases in these trees. The weather was not dry. But now they think that the rain was the cause. Acid rain is making the earth more acidic in these areas. Some kinds of trees cannot live in the soil that is very acidic.

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People have always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. People lived in uncrowded rural areas and did not have pollution - causing machines. With the development of crowded industrial cities which put huge amounts of pollutants into small areas, the problem has become more important. Automobiles and other new inventions make pollution steadily worse. Since the late 1960’s people have become alarmed with the danger of pollution.

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Air, water, and soil are necessary for existance of all living things. But polluted air can cause illness, and even death. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. On polluted soil, food can not be grown. In addition environmental pollution spoils the natural beauty of our planet.