Вопрос № 1072551 - Английский язык

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White blood cells play the role of scavenger. Most of them engulf and devour bacteria and other particles of foreign matter in the blood stream. Hence they prevent and fight infection and aid in wound repair. Pus is made up largely of dead white blood cells.
The names of various different kinds of white blood cells are long and complicated: for example, polymorphonuclear eosinophil. Because they devour bacteria, they are also called phagocytes. White blood cells are made in the bone marrow, the lymph nodes, and other places in the body.
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White blood cells are cells of the immune system involved in defending the body against …

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Hemoglobin is the key element in the red blood cell. It is a complex protein that requires iron for its formation. Oxygen picked up in the lungs during the circulation of the blood combines loosely with hemoglobin. Then, in every part of the body where it is needed for cell metabolism, oxygen is released by the hemoglobin, which picks up carbon dioxide on the return journey to the heart and lungs.
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Hemoglobin in the blood carries oxygen from the respiratory organs to …

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Bacteria are tiny 1_______ plants, without green coloring matter (2_______), that can be seen only under a 3_______ that magnifies them from 600 to 1200 times. Bacteria come in many different sizes but in three principal shapes: rod-or pencil-shaped, the bacilli, which produce 4_______ like tuberculosis and leprosy; spherical or dot-shaped, the cocci; and spiral or comma-shaped, such as the spirochete or the vibrio.

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The cocci come in pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), or clusters, like grapes (staphylococci). Typical diplococci are the gonococcus, cause of gonorrhea, and the pneumococcus, cause of 1_______. Streptococci are responsible for «strep» 2_______, such as the sore throat that is often a forerunner of 3_______. Staphylococci are often present in 4_______.

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The discovery that 1_______ cause 2_______ was one of the greatest of advances in medical science. Chief credit for the 3_______ theory of disease goes to the French chemist, Louis Pasteur, and the German country 4_______, Robert Koch. Their work was done at the end of the 19 century.

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Some microbes serve as factories – making pharmaceuticals, pesticides, solvents, and plastics. Some help make the snow at your ski resort. Some separate gold and copper from ores, reducing the need for chemicals like cyanide. Some rejuvenate oil wells. Some make the enzymes for snipping DNA, the first step in genetic engineering. Some are our fermenters, converting sugar into bread, beer, sauerkraut, cheese, yogurt, vinegar, wine.
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Why are microbes so useful?