Вопрос № 933268 - Английский язык

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What do banks and other businesses buy and sell in the “money market”?
Money-market accounts allow you to write a limited number of checks while participating in the “money market” where banks and other businesses buy and sell short-term credit instruments, notes and other kinds of IOU’s that come due in a year or less. The rate of return for money market accounts is usually higher than for passbook savings accounts.

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Types of Money
1. To be used as money, an item must have certain characteristics: durability (the ability to be used over and over again), portability (the ability to be carried from one place to another and transferred from one person to another), divisibility (the ability to be divided into smaller units), stability in value (people who save money are confident that it will have approximately the same value when they want to buy something with it as it had when they put it into savings), acceptability (people are willing to accept money in exchange for their goods or services). Money comes in all shapes and sizes. The items used as money are a reflection of the society in which they are used. Money as a rule includes coins, paper money, checks and near money.
2. Checks or checkbook money usually make up more than 70 percent of the nation’s money supply, and nearly 90 percent of the transactions in most countries are completed by writing checks. Because checks are payable to the holder of the check on demand, checking accounts are often called demand deposits. Checks are representative money because they stand for the amount of money in a person’s account. They are generally accepted because the bank must pay the amount of the check when it is presented for payment. Checks, therefore, are considered money because they are a medium of exchange, a standard of value, and a store of value.
3. Other financial assets are very similar to money. These assets, such as savings accounts and time deposits, are called near money and are not usually considered part of the nation’s money supply. Bills of exchange are examples of near money. Though they are easily accessible, these accounts cannot be used directly to buy goods or pay debts. Depositors, for example, cannot pay bills directly from their savings accounts. Since funds in these accounts can be easily converted into cash, however, they are considered near money.
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When is an item considered money?

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The letter of application is also called the covering letter. It provides the first direct contact between a candidate and an employer. If it is not written properly, it can produce a bad impression. First of all, you should point out:
– Your home address – note use of post code and home town in capitals.
– Name and address of the person you are writing to.
Usually the letter of application contains 3 or more paragraphs in which you should:
– Say which job you are applying for.
– Qualifications or examinations taken.
– Relevant past experience and why you think you are suitable.
– Indicate your willingness to attend an interview.

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Applicants for employment are invariably interviewed (usually in the Personal Department) before any job offer is made. The aim of the interview is not only to assess the suitability of the candidate for the vacant position, but also to give the applicant the opportunity to seek further information about the job. During the interview the applicants may be required to complete an aptitude test designed to assess their suitability for the job available.
The interview is crucial for the applicant because it is at this time that the interviewer assesses the candidate’s appearance, ability to communicate and general manner. Consequently, it is important to be thoroughly prepared for the interview.

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Meetings are an important means of communication within organizations. They give the opportunity for exchange of ideas and collective efforts to solve problems and formulate policies. They also provide a convenient means of issuing instructions or information to many people at one time.
The principal officers of a meeting are the chairman, secretary and treasurer:
– The chairman is responsible for the correct conduct of the meeting.
– The secretary sends out notices of the meeting and a copy of the agenda, ensures meeting decisions are carried out.
– The treasurer is responsible for finance matters. Sometimes the job of secretary and treasurer are combined.

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Although a certain percentage of graduates will still be unemployed six months after leaving university, the majority will have found employment by then. Many of these will even have been offered a job while at university, as a result of visiting a job fair.
Job fairs are held at many universities each year. Companies come along to advertise jobs, which are usually in management, and the career structures and benefit packages that go with them. Job fairs are an effective way for undergraduates to find out what kind of job they might be interested in.
If you go to a job fair, dress professionally. Don’t wear jeans and a T-shirt. Wear a suit! You don’t want to look irresponsible when you have your first meeting with your potential employer. If you’re interested in a job on offer, you may have to fill out an application form, so it’s helpful to take along relevant information with you. You’ll also need proof of all your qualifications, so don’t forget to take photocopies of all your certificates with you.