Вопрос № 912179 - Английский язык

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Almost every society now has a money economy based on coins and paper notes of one kind or another. Money is used for buying or selling goods, for measuring value and for storing wealth. However, this has not always been true. In primitive societies, a system of barter direct exchange of goods was used. Somebody could exchange a sheep, for example, for anything in the marketplace that they considered to be of equal value. Most governments now issue paper money in the form of notes. Paper money is easier to handle and much more convenient in the modern world. Cheques, bankers’ cards, and credit cards are being used increasingly, too.
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What is a money economy of every society based on?

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1_________________________________. It is a means of payment for goods and services and in settlement of debts. 2________________________________. The price of the commodity is the number of units of money required to buy this commodity. The main functions of money are a medium of exchange and the measure of value. Without the use of money, trade would be reduced to barter, that is to direct exchange of one commodity for another. Barter trade was the means used by primitive peoples, and it is still practiced in some parts of the world. 3_______________________________. In a money economy, the owner of a commodity may sell it for money and buy anything he wants for this money. 4__________________________________.

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1_______. Until the 18th and 19th centuries coins were given monetary worth based on the exact amount of metal contained in them, but most modern coins are based on face value, the value the governments choose to give them, irrespective of the actual metal content. 2_______. Most governments now issue paper money in the form of notes, which are «promises to pay». 3_______. Checks, bankers, credit cards are being used increasingly and it is possibly to imagine a world where «money» in the form of coins and paper currently will no longer be used. 4_______.

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An offer (a quotation) is a statement by the Sellers usually in written form expressing their wish to sell the goods. Offers as a rule include the following information:
– the description of the goods offered (their quality, quantity);
– detailed prices, discounts and terms of payment;
– the date or the time and place of delivery.
There are two kinds of offers: a free offer and a firm offer.
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There are two kinds of offers: a free offer and …

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A free offer is made when Seller offers goods to regular customers without waiting for an enquiry and sends quotation to those who may be interested in the goods. These offers were formerly called offers without obligation. There must be an indication in such an offer that it is made subject to the goods being available when the order is received. The opening phrases in free offers may be: “We think you will be interested in our quotation for the goods” or “We have pleasure in enclosing our latest catalogue (or the price-list of our products)”.
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Free offers were formerly called offers without …

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JACKSON & MILES
118 Regent Street
London W1C 37D
UK
1_______
HOWARD & PRATT
Ladies’ Clothing
306, 3d Avenue
Chicago, III. 60602
USA
2_______,
We are pleased to make you a firm offer regarding our products in the size you require. Nearly all the models are obtainable and can be delivered to you by the end of November. All other models of dresses can be supplied by the middle of December 2000, subject to our receiving your order by 15th of November. If you prefer the goods to be shipped by air freight, 3_______.
Yours faithfully,
4_______
Manager
Export Department