Вопрос № 911570 - Английский язык

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During pregnancy the total caloric needs increase to supply energy for fetal development. A pregnant woman needs approximately 300 more calories per day than before she becomes pregnant. It may be a little less during the first trimester and a little more in the last. Woman carrying twins will need even more.
The extra 300 calories can come from an apple, half a cheese sandwich and a carrot stick. The best way to consume extra calories is healthy snacks eaten between meals.

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How many calories do you need? This depends on your weight and on what you do. When you are asleep, your body uses nearly one calorie an hour for every kilogram of weight. So a person who weighs seventy kilos uses about 560 calories while sleeping for eight hours; in other words, he needs about 1680 calories just to stay alive for 24 hours, even without doing anything. More calories are needed for different activities – from 100 calories an hour for reading or watching TV, to 350 calories an hour for playing football. To calculate the number of calories needed per day for an average person, first find out that person’s ideal weight.

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Many young urban girls today smoke. While 1_______ is bad for your health at any time, it is particularly so during pregnancy and may result in an underweight, small-size 2_______, and so smoking is best avoided during 3_______. It is amazing how people persist in smoking despite so much warning regarding its hazards.
It is unwise to hold a lighted cigarette while holding the baby. Smoke may also irritate baby and make him 4_______ and sneeze.

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What do vitamins belong to?
Vitamins are believed to belong to ancient elementary organic compounds and to exist before life originated on Earth. According to Academician Chagovets vitamins took part in the building up of as primary organism together with such “blocks” of living matter as nucleic acids, proteins, aminoacids.

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What are vitamins essential for?
The vitamins as a class are not chemically related, and, they are classified according to their solubility and chief therapeutic effect into two groups: 1) water-soluble vitamins, 2) fat-soluble vitamin group. It is known to be essential for the maintenance of normal epithelial tissue.

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Where is the source of all vitamin A in?
Vitamin A is an unsaturated cyclic alcohol. It is synthesezed by at least three separate processes.
It has been concentrated and isolated from the non-saponiflable to be present in fish oil, both in the free alcohol and in the ester form. The source of all vitamin A is in the carotenoid pigments, the yellow-coloured, compounds occurring in all chlorophyll-containing plants.
In pure form it is a pale yellow oil, soluble in fat solvents, having an ultra-violet absorption spectrum. The ester forms of the vitamin have been found to possess greater stability than the free alcohol.