Прочитайте текст и выберите утверждение соответствующее содержанию текста The technical problems of ...: ответ на тест 781534 - Английский язык

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The technical problems of colour television have been solved long ago - a German patent for the transmission of images in colour was taken out by the physicist, Otto von Bronk, as far back as 1902 - but the high cost of the equipment, especially receivers, has held up its general introduction. In America, television programmes in colour have been transmitted since the early 1950’s to a limited number of viewers who can afford the extra cost, and an experimental service began in Britain in 1955. Japan started its regular colour service in the autumn of 1960: a year later there were already 15,000 receiving sets in operation, although the price of a colour set was still eight times as much as that of a black-and-white receiver. Then the Soviet Union, too, has introduced a colour television service.

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The technical problems of colour television have been solved long ago - a German patent for the transmission of images in colour was taken out by the physicist, Otto von Bronk, as far back as 1902 - but the high cost of the equipment, especially receivers, has held up its general introduction. In America, television programmes in colour have been transmitted since the early 1950’s to a limited number of viewers who can afford the extra cost, and an experimental service began in Britain in 1955. Japan started its regular colour service in the autumn of 1960: a year later there were already 15,000 receiving sets in operation, although the price of a colour set was still eight times as much as that of a black-and-white receiver. Then the Soviet Union, too, has introduced a colour television service.

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No doubt colour television will eventually supersede black-and-white transmissions. But there are other revolutionary developments to come, such as the “flat” screen - it will replace the conventional receiver box with its cathode-ray tube. The first screen, which can be hung on the wall like a picture, may be no more than 2 to 3 inches thick. It has a fluorescent coating like conventional tubes, but the electrons from the cathode move almost parallel with it instead of striking it at a right angle. They start their journey from an electronic “gun” at the top behind the screen, shooting downwards; at the bottom they are reflected by a “reversing lens” to travel vertically upwards along the screen, which they eventually hit by the influence of a grid of conductors which accumulate electric charges from the electron beam and give them off to the screen. The flat screen will be especially suitable for colour reception.

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A solid-state television camera that can be made so small it fits into the palm of a hand is available at present.
At the heart of this camera is a light-sensitive semiconductor “chip” - half the size of a postage stamp. It receives and transmits images coming through the lens in much the same way that a 5-inch long (12.5 cm) tube does in today’s cameras. The device, though complex in principle, promises to simplify the basic television camera so that low-cost, live TV should some day be common in industry and the home.

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For television fans who can’t make up their minds about which station to watch, a Taiwanese manufacturer has come up with a solution. The firm has introduced a three-screen television set. The unit features a 19-inch (47.5 cm), colour screen flanked on one side by a pair of 5-inch (12.5 cm), black-and-white screens mounted one above the other. Three channels can be watched at once, and using a remote control a viewer can rotate simultaneous broadcasts from one screen to another simply by pressing a button. One or both of the similar screens can also be hooked up to a closed-circuit camera, thus functioning as a security-surveillance monitor.

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The so-called analogue systems of television are to be superseded by digital systems in the near future. Using this new system, Russian experts have managed to encode and compress flows of visual information to the extent that the requirement in the carrying capacity of communication channels has been cut by nearly 86 per cent.
The advantages of digital techniques over analogue electronic systems have demanded that they be used in television. These advantages improve the quality of the picture. While in the analogue system of recording signals noises and errors invariably accumulate at every stage of their transmission or copying, digital recording is almost free of signal errors.