Вопрос № 637099 - Английский язык

Определите, является ли данная информация истинной (1) или ложной (2) в соответствии с содержанием текстов
One can get from England to France traveling under sea.
IT’S INTERESTING TO KNOW
1. Stonehenge is a mysterious circle of giant stones in southern England. It was built probably between 3000 and 2000 BC. Some of the stones weigh over 25 tons! The giant rocks were obviously arranged with some purpose in mind, but what was it? Most historians agree that it was built as a temple, but it was also probably used as an early astronomical tool!
2. Can the trains go under the sea? Now they can! The Channel Tunnel is 31 miles long, and 23 of those are underneath the English Channel! It takes only 20 minutes to travel from England to France. They made a huge 90 acre park with all the dirt they dug up to build it. It took nearly 13,000 engineers, technicians, and workers to build it!
3. The Bermuda is an imaginary triangle in the Atlantic Ocean. Planes and ships have disappeared in the area. Some people blame the disappearances on supernatural forces. Though there are natural explanations. The scientists say that this is a place where a magnetic compass points towards true north, instead of magnetic north, so planes or ships could get off course if they don't make adjustments.
4. The highest waterfall in the world is Angel Falls in the rain forests of Venezuela. It's about 20 times taller than Niagara Falls – the water drops a distance of 3,212 feet! Because it's surrounded by thick forests, Angel Falls wasn't discovered until the early 1930s. The waterfall was named after American explorer James Angel, who crash-landed his plane near it soon after its discovery.

Определите, является ли данная информация истинной (1) или ложной (2) в соответствии с содержанием текстов
The highest waterfall in the world was discovered in the 19th century.
IT’S INTERESTING TO KNOW
1. Stonehenge is a mysterious circle of giant stones in southern England. It was built probably between 3000 and 2000 BC. Some of the stones weigh over 25 tons! The giant rocks were obviously arranged with some purpose in mind, but what was it? Most historians agree that it was built as a temple, but it was also probably used as an early astronomical tool!
2. Can the trains go under the sea? Now they can! The Channel Tunnel is 31 miles long, and 23 of those are underneath the English Channel! It takes only 20 minutes to travel from England to France. They made a huge 90 acre park with all the dirt they dug up to build it. It took nearly 13,000 engineers, technicians, and workers to build it!
3. The Bermuda is an imaginary triangle in the Atlantic Ocean. Planes and ships have disappeared in the area. Some people blame the disappearances on supernatural forces. Though there are natural explanations. The scientists say that this is a place where a magnetic compass points towards true north, instead of magnetic north, so planes or ships could get off course if they don't make adjustments.
4. The highest waterfall in the world is Angel Falls in the rain forests of Venezuela. It's about 20 times taller than Niagara Falls – the water drops a distance of 3,212 feet! Because it's surrounded by thick forests, Angel Falls wasn't discovered until the early 1930s. The waterfall was named after American explorer James Angel, who crash-landed his plane near it soon after its discovery.

                                   Текст I
                   VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                               (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Бегло прочитайте текст абзаца 1. Опираясь на именные блоки предложений абзаца, и учитывая смысл заголовка текста, определите, какая из лексических цепочек наиболее точно соответствует тематической направленности этого абзаца:

                                   Текст I
                    VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                                    (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Сформулируйте тему абзаца 1, используя ключевые компоненты его предложений:

                                   Текст I
                 VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                               (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Опираясь на глагольные блоки всех предложений абзаца 1, укажите смысловые компоненты, позволяющие определить понятие «витамин», дополнив его признаком системности:

                                   Текст I
                   VITAMINS AND PROVITAMINS
(1) Vitamin is any of several organic substances that usually are separated into water-soluble and fat-soluble groups. The substances commonly known as vitamins are diverse in chemical structure and function. Originally defined as organic compounds obtainable in a normal diet and capable of maintaining life, vitamins are distinct from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in function, as well as in the quantities in which organisms require them. If a vitamin is absent from the diet, a specific deficiency disease may develop.
(2) The term “vitamin” originated from “vitamine,” a word first used in 1911 to designate a group of compounds considered vital for life; each was thought to have a nitrogen-containing component known as an amine. The final e of vitamine was dropped when it was discovered that not all of the vitamins contain nitrogen, and, therefore, not all are amines. The term “accessory food factor” sometimes is used instead of vitamin to refer to these substances.
(3) Since they generally cannot be synthesized by an animal and must be obtained from the diet or from some synthetic source, vitamins are called essential nutrients. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some organisms in sufficient amounts so that the dietary requirement is eliminated; vitamin C usually is considered a vitamin, however, because it must be included in the diet of man. Vitamins are distinct from many other compounds, which, although indispensable for proper animal functions, can be synthesized in adequate quantities.
(4) Provitamin is similar in structure to a specific vitamin and can be converted to it by a few metabolic reactions. Antivitamin is a compound that prevents the normal function of certain vitamins. Antivitamin may act by binding a vitamin, by destroying a vitamin, or by inhibiting the coenzyme function of a vitamin.
                                                      (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Опираясь на грамматическую форму сказуемых, определите характер развития темы в тексте “Vitamins and Provitamins” и укажите используемый в нем прием изложения содержания: