Прочитайте текст Although football of a kind was played in the Middle Ages or even earlier as an org...: ответ на тест 154887 - Английский язык

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Although football of a kind was played in the Middle Ages or even earlier, as an organized game it dates from just over a century ago. One type of football, in which only the feet are used, was adopted at Cambridge in 1848; the other type, in which the ball is handled as well as kicked, was first played at Rugby School, whence it derives its name, and was adopted by the Blackheath football club in 1859.
The principal professional matches in England and Wales (played once or twice weekly) are controlled by the Football League, which comprises over 90 professional clubs in these countries.
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Football as an organized game dates from just over ________________.

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Although football of a kind was played in the Middle Ages or even earlier, as an organized game it dates from just over a century ago. One type of football, in which only the feet are used, was adopted at Cambridge in 1848; the other type, in which the ball is handled as well as kicked, was first played at Rugby School, whence it derives its name, and was adopted by the Blackheath football club in 1859.
The principal professional matches in England and Wales (played once or twice weekly) are controlled by the Football League, which comprises over 90 professional clubs in these countries.
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Football as an organized game dates from just over ________________.

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The state
1. The state has an important part to play in making and enforcing law. But what is a state? It is a political unit with a territory that the international community treats as independent, for example the United Kingdom, Barbados or Japan. Law settles how the state is to be governed (its constitution), what duties it owes its citizens, and what duties they owe to one another and to it. The law of the state consists of a system of government, together with a framework for making the life of citizens more secure and for enabling them to flourish.
2. Since each state has its own system of law, there are many legal systems:  the law of the United Kingdom, Barbados, Japan, etc. The laws of states differ a bit but also have much in common. Legal systems are called systems because in each state or part of a state with its own laws there are official bodies concerned with the whole of its law. These bodies – the branches of the state – are the legislature, which makes laws, the executive government, which puts laws into effect, and the judges, who decide disputes about the law. These branches of government try to see that the laws do not conflict with one another. In other words, they treat the laws as pans of a system that hangs together.
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Gilles Vigneault’s words «My country isn’t a country, it’s winter» are about …

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Light
1. The form of energy that illuminates our world is called light. It usually comes from hot objects, like the sun or fire, but it is also produced by electricity and some chemical reactions. Light is the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum (which includes microwaves, ultraviolet rays, and X-rays) that is invisible to the human eye. It travels at 186,000 miles (300,000 km) per second, and nothing can travel faster. Like other forms of energy, light travels in waves, but it can also travel in packets of energy called quanta. This enables it to travel through a vacuum.
2. Light rays are reflected when they hit a shiny or silvered surface, such as a still pool of water or a mirror. Reflection involves two light rays: the incoming ray and the reflected ray which bounces off the reflecting surface. The two rays are at identical angles to the reflecting surface on either side of an imaginary line.
3. Refraction is a property of all types of energy that travel in waves, including light. Light waves normally travel in straight lines, but when they pass from one transparent material to another, they usually refract, or bend. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different materials. As light from a material with a low density, such as air, enters a material with a high density, such as water, its speed is reduced. This causes it to bend (except when it enters a material at a right angle).
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