Вопрос № 144340 - Английский язык

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Hanna and Heather Craig, twin sisters aged seventeen from Alaska, have invented a new winter rescue device: a 1.2 metre-long robot called the Ice Crawler. The robot is designed to take a rope to a person in a dangerous situation, for example, on thin ice or very soft snow.
The robot runs on two 12-volt drive motors – one on each of the tracks. These are powered by a 12-volt battery. A plastic tube carries the control panel’s wiring. It also holds the rope that pulls the victim back to safety. A video camera is attached to the front of the robot. This helps the rescue team to see where the Ice Crawler is going in snowy conditions or on very rough ground.

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Hanna and Heather Craig from Alaska have invented a new winter rescue device: a 1.2 metre-long robot called the Ice Crawler. The robot is designed to take a rope to a person in a dangerous situation, for example, on thin ice or very soft snow.
 The Ice Crawler’s body consists of two tracks made of silicon-reinforced rubber, which is very strong and flexible even at extremely cold temperatures. This means the robot can move over ice, snow or rough ground without getting stuck. The Ice Crawler is operated by a control panel. This allows the rescue team to stay at a safe distance from the victim. The control panel enables the user to steer the robot, move it forwards and backwards, and switch the power on and off. A plastic tube holds the rope that pulls the victim back to safety.

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The development of transport facilities was very important in the growth of the United States. The first travel routes were natural waterways. No surfaced roads existed until the 1790s, when the first highways were built. Besides the overland roads, many canals were constructed between the late 18th century and 1850 to link navigable rivers and lakes in the eastern United States and in the Great Lakes region.
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The first highways were built …

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THE AMERICAN ECONOMY AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY

1. The United States entered the 21st century with an economy that was bigger, and by many measures more successful, than ever. Not only had it endured two world wars and a global depression in the first half of the 20th century, but it had surmounted challenges ranging from a 40-year Cold War with the Soviet Union to extended bouts of sharp inflation, high unemployment, and enormous government budget deficits in the second half of the century. The nation finally enjoyed a period of economic calm in the 1990s: prices were stable, unemployment dropped to its lowest level in almost 30 years, the government posted a budget surplus, and the stock market experienced an unprecedented boom. In 1998, America’s gross domestic product exceeded $8.5 trillion.

2. Though the United States held less than 5 percent of the world’s population, it accounted for more than 25 percent of the world’s economic output. Japan, the world’s second largest economy, produced about half as much. And while Japan and many of the world’s other economies grappled with slow growth and other problems in the 1990s, the American economy recorded the longest uninterrupted period of expansion in its history.

3. As in earlier periods, however, the United States had been undergoing profound economic change at the beginning of the 21st century. A wave of technological innovations in computing, telecommunications, and the biological sciences were profoundly affecting how Americans work and play.

4. The United States remains a “market economy.” Americans continue to believe that an economy generally operates best when decisions about what to produce and what prices to charge for goods are made through the give-and-take of millions of independent buyers and sellers, not by government or by powerful private interests. In a free market system, Americans believe, prices are most likely to reflect the true value of things, and thus can best guide the economy to produce what is most needed.
‘Continuity and Change’ http://usinfo.state.gov
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America is still trying to overcome the damage brought about by the Great Depression.

A public official whose duty is to administer the law, especially by presiding over trials and rendering judgements is a …

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An electroscope is a sensitive instrument for detecting small electric charges. It consists of a glass-jar closed with a stopper of insulting material in which is fitted a varnished glass-tube. A rod passes through the tube. At the top of the rod there is a metal ball or disc and at the bottom of the rod two pieces of gold leaf are suspended. When a charge is brought near the electroscope, a charge of opposite sign is induced on the metal ball, and a charge of the same sign appears on the two of the gold leaves. Since, the two pieces of gold leaf now have charges of like sign they repel each other.