Вопрос № 223166 - Английский язык

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Basically, the Internet is a network of people and information, linked together by telephone lines which are connected to computers. In fact, more than 100,000 independent networks - public and private - are currently connected to form this vast global communications system. This is the road of the information superhighway.

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The Internet originated in the early 1970s when the United States wanted to make sure that people could communicate after a nuclear war. This needed a free and independent communication network without a centre and it led to a network of computers that could send each other e-mail through cyberspace.

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Internet Service Provider: an ISP is a company that acts as a toll gate between you and the Internet. You pay them an annual fee for unlimited use of the Net, or monthly charges according to the amount of time you are actually connected. These companies do not control the content of the Internet, nor how any of it functions, but they offer you access to the Internet.

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Most countries have a wide range of ISPs (Internet Service Providers) on offer, so it is best to shop around before you choose one. You should look for an ISP with a local telephone number or you will be paying long-distance telephone call rates. In addition, you will need a supportive company to start with, one that gives you all the software, help setting it up, at least one e-mail account and perhaps even free space to have your own site on the World Wide Web. And that's really all you need to become a part of the online community.

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So how did this modern wonder come into existence? In a nutshell, the first version of the Internet was started during the 1960s in the United States as ARPAnet, a defence department network. One computer was linked to another to share information. Gradually, more computers were added to the network, and people began to send simple messages over the network to distant colleagues. This, at that time, incredible communications platform was adopted by the academic community and, with vast improvements added by European computer wizards, became the friendly tool we refer to as the Internet today.

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As a form of international communication, the Internet has been in constant expansion since 1973, when the ARPAnet was first connected to the United Kingdom and Norway. Much of northern Europe was connected to the Net in the early 1980s. Japan and Canada soon followed suit. A special link was established between Germany and China at about the same time. And then in the late 1980s the real growth began as Australia, Iceland, Israel, Italy, Mexico, New Zealand and Puerto Rico joined the Net.