Вопрос № 1072256 - Английский язык

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A domestic animal’s daily food intake is called a ration. A balanced ration contains the nutrients that the 1_______ needs for growth and good health. These nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, minerals, protein, and vitamins. Animals suffering from nutritional deficiencies produce less meat and 2_______, or fewer eggs. They may become unhealthy. Swine and poultry feed consists of various grains, by-products from food processing, minerals, 3_______, and concentrated plant and animal proteins. Cattle, sheep, and other ruminants 4_______the grasses and legumes of pastureland. They are also fed grain, hay, the stalks of certain plants, and other crop remains.

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Animal husbandry is a branch of agriculture including the breeding of farm animals and their use. Dairy and beef cattle, hogs, sheep and poultry are widely bred throughout the world. Farm animals are highly important sources of food for man. They are kept for the production of such nutritious products as meat, milk and eggs.

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All crops require nutrients and water to grow. Soil supplies most of the nutrients. It also stores the water that the crops need. Crops differ, however, in the amount of nutrients and water they require for healthy growth. A farmer must therefore make sure that the soil and water resources meet the needs of each crop. A farmer must also plan measures to control pests, which could damage or ruin a crop. Most farmers plan their methods of soil and water management and of pest control well in advance of the growing season.
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What do all crops require to grow?

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Crops raised to supply food human beings are called food crops. Many food crops tend to spoil quickly, and so farmers ship these crops to market as soon as possible after harvesting. Food grains, however, can be stored for months on farms that have the proper facilities. Before grain is stored, it must be dried. Most farms that store large amounts of grain have grain-drying equipment and large storage bins.
Crops raised to supply feed for livestock are called feed crops. Hay, silage, soybeans, and such grains as corn and sorghum are the principal feed crops. Corn, wheat, and soybeans are used for both food and livestock feed. Hay must be kept dry until it is used, and so it is usually stored in barns. Unlike hay, silage must be kept moist. Most farmers store it in airtight structures called silos.
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What crops are used for both food and livestock feed?

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The foremost task of veterinary scientists and experts is the organization and carrying out of complex investigations on the problems which are of great importance for the development of animal husbandry. They also must help collective farms apply the achievements of science and advanced experience in their practical work. Veterinary service should pay particular attention to the organization of veterinary work on industrial livestock and poultry farms to prevent the spreading of infectious diseases. At present due to the tremendous labour of thousands of veterinary scientists and practitioners the veterinary-sanitary status of cattle-breeding has been improved, mortality has reduced, occurrence of infectious and non-infectious diseases has lowered.
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What must veterinary scientists and experts help collective farms?

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There are about 55000 farms in Britain. They are not large. An average sized farm is about 30-40 acres. There are three main types of farming in Great Britain: pastoral, arable, mixed. Sheep and cattle are reared in the hill and moorland areas of Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and south-western England. Milk production is of the first importance in the structure of British agriculture.
Pig breeding is carried on in most areas but is particularly important in southern England, north-east Scotland and Northern Ireland. Arable farms are mainly in the eastern part of the country. The main cereal crops in Great Britain are wheat, barley and oats. Rye is grown in small quantities for use as cattle fodder.
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What is of the first importance in the structure of British agriculture?