Вопрос № 1072315 - Английский язык

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It is a well-known fact that every building needs permanent stability. 1 _______. We know that the function of a foundation is to transfer the loads of a building into the soil.2 _______. They guard the walls and the floors against the action of the weather – rain, snow, and wind. 3 _______.They also guard buildings against sinking that may cause cracks in the walls. 4_______. It may be both rather complex and very simple. It is a common practice that for very small buildings foundation design is usually much simpler than for large ones.

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Walls are built to enclose areas and carry the weight of floors and roofs. The walls may be solid or hollow. The materials used for the wall construction can be brick, stone, concrete and other natural and artificial materials.
Roofs cover the building and protect it from exposure to weather. They tie the walls and give the construction strength and firmness.

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Floors belong to one of the most important functional components of a building. 1_______. It depends on whether a hard or soft flooring is used. Floors also react in various ways with light. 2_______. As to dark flooring materials, they absorb light and this absorption makes a room darker. 3_______.
Floors are subject to moisture, dirt, and dust. They are also subject to the action of feet and the load of furniture. 4_______.

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When can water penetrate a wall? Three conditions are necessary. Firstly, there must be water present at the outer face of the wall. Secondly, there must be a crack or a hole in the wall through which the water can move. And thirdly, there must be a force that will move the water through this opening. If any of these conditions is absent, water will not penetrate a wall.
In what way can one keep water away from the walls of a building? One can eliminate all the openings from the wall in order to make a wall watertight.
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One can eliminate all the openings from the wall in order …

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The fundamental purpose of a door is to provide access into or out of a building. Doors also serve for providing access into or out of various compartments of a building. Doors also have the following functions. They provide security, weather resistance, fire-resistance, thermal insulation, sound insulation. As to exterior doors, they must be well-designed and properly constructed. They must not leak air, wind, heat and water.
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The fundamental purpose of a door is …

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Orientation and construction of buildings should receive special attention in places where environmental and climatic factors have a significant effect. Structural design, style and materials should be compatible with local climatic and weather conditions. For example, flat roofs should be avoided in areas with frequent rainfalls. Snow and wind are variable loads that should be taken into account while designing a structure and its roof. Tall buildings are not recommended in places where strong winds, humidity or fog are likely and bring damage.
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Structural design, style and materials should be compatible with …