Вопрос № 911714 - Английский язык

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The universe is energy. Energy 1 _______ in a variety of forms that include everything, from an atomic particle to a group of galaxies. Everything around us is matter and matter is 2 _______ from atoms.
We know over one 3 _______ kinds of basic atoms. They correspond to basic elements like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and others. An atom is a unit of matter.
Atoms form groups called molecules. Different 4 _______ of atoms or molecules created different kinds of matter. An oxygen molecule, for example, is made from two oxygen atoms. A carbon dioxide molecule is made from two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom.

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Everything happens because of energy. Without it there would be no life on Earth. Scientists classify energy into several different types, including chemical energy, light energy, and nuclear energy. Most types of energy can switch from one form to another. In a car, for example, gasoline provides chemical energy, which turns into mechanical energy, heat energy, and sound energy when the engine is started. All energy that comes from directly or indirectly from the Sun is known as radiant energy and makes up the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Traffic in Russia is on the right-hand side of streets and roads with traffic way wide enough for several cars moving abreast in one direction. It is forbidden to drive in the left-hand lane if the right-hand lane is free. In Great Britain traffic keeps to the left. Motorcars, motorvans, buses and cyclists must all keep to the left side of the road. In most other countries traffic keeps to the right.

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The slowest aircraft are helicopters, which can hover in the air without moving. Aircraft with wings have to fly above a certain speed, otherwise they will crash. However, pedal-powered aircraft flew across the English Channel for the first time. Its average speed was 8 miles an hour – or faster than you can run!

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The electric charge is also called electricity. We can generate electricity to illuminate our cities or we can store it in a battery to transport it. 1_______. Copper is a good conductor so we use it in electric wires. 2_______.
A simple electric circuit includes a battery with chemical paste, a carbon rod, a wire and a light bulb. The chemical paste contains an excess of electrons so when you connect the two poles of the battery, the copper wire attracts electrons. 3_______. When they arrive at the filament inside the bulb, they produce heat and emit light. 4_______.

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Our history includes many great scientists. 1_______. Some of these changes were fundamental and scientists call them paradigm shifts. Before Copernicus’ time, most people in the West believed that the Earth was the centre of the universe and that everything else revolved around it. 2_______. Isaac Newton made a mechanical description of the universe and wrote laws of motion and gravitation and this led to the industrial revolution. 3_______. Albert Einstein explained, among other things, that everything comes from the same energy, that we are all parts of the same whole. 4_______. In some cases, however, the application of new knowledge has also caused destruction. History teaches us that opposites are inherent to nature – we construct and destroy, believe and doubt.