Вопрос № 857117 - Английский язык

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Ancient Martian Conditions Could Have Supported Life
1. The American space agency recently reported that the planet Mars once could have supported micro-organisms, extremely small life forms. The announcement came after the agency’s Curiosity rover examined a rock on Mars. It was the first sample of rock powder ever collected and tested on the red planet. Curiosity used a drill on its two-meter long robotic arms to cut into the rock and collect about ten grams of powder. Space agency officials called the drilling, the biggest success for the Curiosity team since the rover landed on Mars in August, 2012.
2. After the drilling was done and the powder collected, the small laboratory on Curiosity began a series of tests. American scientists said the test results led them to believe there was once life on Mars. The rock sample came from an area on Mars called Yellowknife Bay. The area had some of the chemicals required to support life as we know it. They include oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon. Scientists believe Mars was once a warmer, wetter environment before turning into a freezing dry desert. Researchers say the Martian bedrock showed evidence of many periods of wet conditions. And they say there are clay minerals in the rock sample. These minerals are evidence of water.
3. The project is expected to last two years and cost $2.5 billion. Curiosity is not designed to look for microbes that may be alive on Mars today or inspect remains of life forms that no longer exist. Curiosity is the first Mars rover, but not the only one. The American space agency says it plans to send another rover, called Opportunity, to the red planet in 2020. Opportunity would be part of NASA’s plan to explore the Martian surface and atmosphere. The agency hopes to send humans to Mars in about 20 years.
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Ancient Martian Conditions Could Have Supported Life
1. The American space agency recently reported that the planet Mars once could have supported micro-organisms, extremely small life forms. The announcement came after the agency’s Curiosity rover examined a rock on Mars. It was the first sample of rock powder ever collected and tested on the red planet. Curiosity used a drill on its two-meter long robotic arms to cut into the rock and collect about ten grams of powder. Space agency officials called the drilling, the biggest success for the Curiosity team since the rover landed on Mars in August, 2012.
2. After the drilling was done and the powder collected, the small laboratory on Curiosity began a series of tests. American scientists said the test results led them to believe there was once life on Mars. The rock sample came from an area on Mars called Yellowknife Bay. The area had some of the chemicals required to support life as we know it. They include oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon. Scientists believe Mars was once a warmer, wetter environment before turning into a freezing dry desert. Researchers say the Martian bedrock showed evidence of many periods of wet conditions. And they say there are clay minerals in the rock sample. These minerals are evidence of water.
3. The project is expected to last two years and cost $2.5 billion. Curiosity is not designed to look for microbes that may be alive on Mars today or inspect remains of life forms that no longer exist. Curiosity is the first Mars rover, but not the only one. The American space agency says it plans to send another rover, called Opportunity, to the red planet in 2020. Opportunity would be part of NASA’s plan to explore the Martian surface and atmosphere. The agency hopes to send humans to Mars in about 20 years.
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Although a genius of science, Newton owed much to his predecessors. 1_______. Galileo had founded the science of mechanics, and his application of the astronomical telescope had been of the greatest helping the study of the heavens. 2_______. While studying light, Newton invented the reflecting telescope. It was only an inch in diameter, and six inches long, but it magnified forty times and gave a good view of the Jupiter’s moons. 3_______. You can see it in the library of the Royal Society in London. 4_______.

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The invention of gunpowder is thought to have originated in the 5th or 6th century in central Asia, but there isn’t any proof that gunpowder was used for warfare until the 12th century, when a kind of rocket was made. The Chinese actually used gunpowder to make firecrackers, which they used on religious festival days.
In the 19th century, Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor, made his famous discovery that would change the way that wars were fought. Dynamite was first used in the war in South Africa, and he eventually became a multi-millionaire. Alfred was a pessimist who never experienced real happiness since he felt that he had some responsibility for the loss of so many lives. As a result of these guilty feelings, he established a fund of nine million dollars for the formation of the internationally famous Nobel Prizes, the most important of which is the Peace Prize.
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Alfred Nobel felt that he had some responsibility for …

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Glass has been made into practical or decorative objects since ancient times. Glass blowing was probably developed in the first century BC in Syria. With this technique the possibilities for shaping glass into different forms became endless.
The Roman Empire used glass more than any other ancient civilisation. Romans adopted the technique from the Syrians and glass soon became fashionable. There were people, however, who regarded it as inferior to materials such as gold and silver. Gallenius, a Roman emperor, used to drink from a glass vessel because he believed that there was nothing less common than glass.
The Venetians developed the art of glassmaking in the middle Ages. There was so much demand for Venetian glass in Europe that glassworkers of the island of Murano were forbidden to visit Venice or teach their secrets to outsiders.
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Romans adopted the technique from …

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Can you imagine what the world would be like if there were no electricity? In fact, most of what we take for granted would not exist. There would be no computers, TV, cinemas or stereos for our entertainment, and we would not be able to cook and eat in the same way without cookers and fridges. If Thomas Edison had not invented the electric light bulb, we would now still be using candles to see at night. The problem with this energy source is that it uses fossil fuels – we burn coal and oil to generate electricity. Our everyday lives use a huge amount of power, and industry even more. The damage to the environment will increase if we continue to burn coal for energy, which can cause serious air pollution and increase the size of the hole in the ozone layer. Because of this danger, people are now using other sources of fuel, such as solar, wind, and water power.
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Our everyday lives use a huge amount of …