Вопрос № 857175 - Английский язык

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The World Health Organization estimates that four million people die from smoking- related 1_______ every year. Over the past two years the WHO has been working on establishing an international 2_______ treaty which could limit tobacco advertising. The WHO now 3_______ that it is also a valuable way of controlling smoking. The organization is ready to offer 4_______ for any further actions and would consider the possibility of international legal actions against tobacco companies.

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The Government has decided to take unpopular 1 _______ to ban smoking
in a lot of public places. Though a lot of people find smoking unpleasant, and though experts all agree it is 2_______ and that it costs the state a lot to treat victims of smoking, it is also undeniable that many people get 3_______ from the habit and find smoking irresistible when they are in company . However, it is now impossible to deny the antisocial nature of the habit. As advertising has proved ineffective with many smokers, the Government has now made smoking illegal in most public places.
Smokers who are unable to stop smoking will be obliged enjoy their pastime in private and feel the new measures are unjust, but for passive smokers for whom a room full of smoke is unbearable they will come as a 4_______ of fresh air.

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Each year, farmers in Africa and Asia sell most of their crops (e.g. rice, corn), but save a small amount to grow the next year. Now, a US company has developed a new plant gene called the Terminator. If a plant has this gene, it produces seeds which won’t grow again after the first year. This means the farmers must buy new seeds every year. This is good for the company’s profits. But pressure groups like Greenpeace say this is irresponsible. They say that it kills the natural plants and means farmers have to get their seeds from the company. If farmers can’t afford to buy the company’s seeds, they will have no crops to grow. The result could be that people die from hunger.
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The buying of new seeds every year is good for …

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Marketing is finding out about your customers and competitors so that you can provide the right product at the right price.
Think about the people you want to sell to: your target market. Different products have different target markets, for example, Swatch and Rolex watches. Questions to ask are:
– Who are my Customers - age, sex, income?
– What is the size of the market?
– Is it possible for the market to get bigger?
– What about product awareness – do people know about my company’s products?
You find out this information through market research. Market research uses interviews to find out about people’s attitudes and questionnaires to find out about their shopping habits.
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Market research uses questionnaires to find out about people’s …

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When you know who your customers are and how big your market is, the next step is to set your objectives. Do you want to increase sales? To increase market share? Or to make your product different from the competition?
Next, think about your strategy for meeting your objectives. If your objective is to increase market share, you could:
– find new customers by making your product more attractive
– take customers from your competitors
– persuade your customers to use more of your product.
How will you make your strategy work? What message do you want to send? There are many types of promotion and it’s important to choose the right one, e.g.
– advertising on TV, in newspapers, etc.
– direct marketing by post (mailshots)
– telesales – selling to customers on the phone
– point-of-sale material in shops – free samples or special offers.
Now you are ready to launch your product in the market. Good luck!
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Now you are ready to launch your product in …

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Sometimes the government can encourage or discourage imports and exports of goods. It imposes quotas on certain products. An export quota specifies how much of a product can a manufacturer ship out. An import quota allows you to import to certain limit. The quota may be absolute (we reach a certain amount and can ship more) or the government can combine it with a special tariff on all units over that amount. For example, we had an import quota of 6,000 automobiles. We had bought 6,000 automobiles with a 6.5% tariff by the end of the last year, and all others we bought with a 45% tariff.